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2026-04-17
Conception and Fabrication of a Metamaterials Based Patch Antenna for Biomedical Applications
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 168, 258-266, 2026
Abstract
This study presents the design, simulation, and fabrication of a compact patch antenna with metamaterials, dedicated to biomedical applications. The proposed antenna was implemented on an FR4 substrate and resonated at a center frequency of 2.48 GHz. By the integration of metamaterial (MTM) unit cells as the primary radiating element, the design achieves performance improvements compared with traditional patch antennas. The return loss was reduced from -13.45 to -67.20 dB, which indicates improved impedance matching. In addition, the antenna showed enhanced radiation characteristics, with a gain of 1.96 dB and a directivity of 3.10 dB. As the antenna was designed for biomedical use, specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis was conducted to ensure compliance with safety standards. A prototype of the antenna was fabricated to validate the simulation results, and the measured results matched the simulations, which confirms the reliability of the suggested design. The simulation results were obtained using HFSS and CST. Overall, the results demonstrate that the proposed metamaterials-based antenna is a strong candidate for integration into biomedical devices.
Citation
Younes Siraj, Jaouad Foshi, Youssef Khardioui, Souad Akkader, Youssef Mejdoub, Kaoutar Saidi Alaoui, and Abdennaceur Baghdad, "Conception and Fabrication of a Metamaterials Based Patch Antenna for Biomedical Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 168, 258-266, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC26022503
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