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2026-07-08
Optimized Circularly Polarized Truncated Square Patch Antenna for Satellite Communications Using Genetic Algorithm
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 171, 447-457, 2026
Abstract
Manually optimizing the performance of a circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna typically requires numerous iterative adjustments and can be highly time-consuming. To address this challenge, artificial intelligence techniques can be employed to efficiently explore the parameter and solution spaces. In this work, a well-known genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to design and optimize a novel CP antenna. Specifically, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is adopted as a powerful optimization tool, providing effective exploration of the parameter space to achieve the desired operating bandwidth and CP characteristics. The optimized CP antenna features a compact size of 20 mm × 20 mm × 1.6 mm. The design process is carried out using HFSS and MATLAB, and the results are further validated through simulations in CST and ADS (equivalent circuit modeling). The antenna is fabricated by etching the patch and ground plane on the top and bottom sides of an FR-4 epoxy substrate (εr = 4.4), respectively. The simulated reflection coefficient bandwidth (RCBW) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) are significantly enhanced, achieving fractional bandwidths of 25.78% and 16.68%, respectively, while the measured RCBW reaches 24.5%. Furthermore, the proposed antenna provides a peak gain of 5.9 dBi and a radiation efficiency exceeding 67%. The application of MOGA effectively enhances both the operating bandwidth and CP performance, making the proposed antenna a strong candidate for various Ku-band applications.
Citation
Abdelilah Ait Lahcen, Lahcen Sellak, Asma Khabba, Samira Chabaa, Saïda Ibnyaich, Abdelouhab Zeroual, Zahriladha Zakaria, Abdullahi Yahye Ahmed, and Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, "Optimized Circularly Polarized Truncated Square Patch Antenna for Satellite Communications Using Genetic Algorithm," PIER C, Vol. 171, 447-457, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC26031301
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