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2026-06-06
Gold Nanowire-Enhanced Quasi-D-Shaped SPR-PCF Biosensor for High-Sensitivity Phase-Matched Cancer Cell Detection
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 171, 134-143, 2026
Abstract
The present paper suggests a structurally optimized photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensors, in which a gold nanowire is embedded within a U-shaped open microchannel to detect with refined accuracy the presence of cancer cells. The proposed nanowire-based architecture is capable of providing localized enhancement of the electromagnetic field confinement and phase matching between the core mode and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) compared to conventional thin-film SPR architectures. The given SPR-based PCF biosensor was mathematically studied using the finite element method (FEM) to optimize its performance within the near-infrared wavelength range. Systematic variation of parameters, such as nanowire diameter, air-hole diameter, number of air holes, and channel dimensions, optimized the sensor performance. The sensor proposed has a top wavelength sensitivity of 42,857 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity of 189 RIU-1 within a range of refractive index 1.39-1.376 between healthy and cancer cells. The architecture has a higher confinement loss peak and good phase matching, which has proven to be superior to traditional thin-film configurations. The suggested SPR-based PCF biosensor can be a promising label-free and realtime biomedical diagnostic solution because of the relatively easy fabrication process, high mechanical strength, and high accuracy.
Citation
Prarthana Madhusoodanan, Neville Philips Jommy, Joel Tiji, Sangeetha Natarajan, and Ashish Patwari, "Gold Nanowire-Enhanced Quasi-D-Shaped SPR-PCF Biosensor for High-Sensitivity Phase-Matched Cancer Cell Detection," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 171, 134-143, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC26041201
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