volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This paper proposes a compact, independently fed hybrid antenna array featuring reconfigurable frequency and radiation patterns for adaptive wireless applications, employing PIN diodes. The hybrid arrangement incorporates independently driven elements with diode-controlled current pathways to enable concurrent spectral and spatial tuning within a single structure. Frequency agility is achieved through PIN-diode switching configurations; five representative states are presented, due to the similarity among the other responses, with resonant frequencies derived from the minima of the S-parameters. Multiband operation is demonstrated in simulation from 3.8 to 6.49 GHz and in measurement from 4.18 to 6.56 GHz; the mutual coupling suppression is achieved by an independently fed architecture, maintaining inter-port isolation better than 18-20 dB throughout the operating band, which signifies effective suppression of mutual coupling within the operating band. Radiation pattern reconfigurability is achieved via PIN diode switching, yielding directional radiation-pattern reconfigurability through electronic switching via controlled redistribution of surface current. The design remains compact at 40 × 44 mm² and uses only four PIN diodes, reducing switching complexity while preserving stable gain and radiation performance. Measured results show good agreement with simulations, validating the design's effectiveness. The proposed antenna provides a compact and low-complexity solution for adaptive sub-6 GHz wireless communication systems requiring simultaneous frequency and radiation-pattern reconfigurability.

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Mr. Yogesh Shankar Ghodake

Prof. Shankar D. Nawale