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PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2026-08-21
Cross-Entropy Based Optimization for LPDA Antenna Miniaturization
By
Sudeepa Herath,

    Mr. Sudeepa Herath

    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

    University of Peradeniya

    Sri Lanka

    Homepage

Jeevani Windhya Jayasinghe,

    Dr. Jeevani Windhya Jayasinghe

    Department of Electronics

    Wayamba University of Sri Lanka

    Sri Lanka

    Homepage

Disala N. Uduwawala,

    Professor Disala N. Uduwawala

    Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

    University of Peradeniya

    Sri Lanka

    Homepage

Fabien Ferrero

    Dr. Fabien Ferrero

    Université Côte d'Azur

    France

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 172, 448-457, 2026
doi:10.2528/PIERC26052803 | Google Scholar

Abstract
This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a miniaturized Printed Log-Periodic Dipole Array (PLPDA) antenna operating within the 1.3-6.0 GHz frequency range. The objective of this work was to reduce the antenna's overall footprint while preserving its wideband performance. A sequential miniaturization strategy was adopted, employing m-segment fractal geometry for lateral size reduction and Cross-Entropy (CE) optimization for axial compaction. The reference PLPDA, measuring 255 mm × 116 mm, was progressively refined to a final size of 217 mm × 88 mm, achieving an overall footprint reduction of approximately 34%. The simulated and measured results confirmed excellent impedance matching, with S11 remaining below -10 dB across the entire operating band and an average gain exceeding 7 dB. These results validate that the proposed CE-optimized m-segment PLPDA successfully achieves substantial miniaturization without degrading bandwidth or radiation performance. The presented approach offers a practical framework for developing compact, high-performance wideband antennas.
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Citation
Sudeepa Herath, Jeevani Windhya Jayasinghe, Disala N. Uduwawala, and Fabien Ferrero, "Cross-Entropy Based Optimization for LPDA Antenna Miniaturization," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 172, 448-457, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC26052803
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