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PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2026-09-06
A Compact Fibonacci Fractal MIMO Antenna with Slotted Decoupling Structure for 5G and WLAN Applications
By
Sachin S. Khade,

    Dr. Sachin S. Khade

    Yashwantarao Chavan College of Engineering

    India

    Homepage

Nikhil Mangrulkar,

    Dr. Nikhil Mangrulkar

    Computer Science and Engineering

    Symbiosis Institute of Technology Nagpur Campus, Symbiosis International (Deemed University)

    India

    Homepage

Praful N. Yerkewar,

    Dr. Praful N. Yerkewar

    Priyadarshini Bhagwati College of Engineering

    India

    Homepage

Tirupati M. Goskula,

    Dr. Tirupati M. Goskula

    Anjuman College of Engineering & Technology

    India

    Homepage

Chitra S. Khade,

    Dr. Chitra S. Khade

    GHRIET

    India

    Homepage

Prajwal Rewatkar

    Dr. Prajwal Rewatkar

    Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering

    India

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 173, 167-179, 2026
doi:10.2528/PIERC26070101 | Google Scholar

Abstract
A miniaturized, multiband, Fibonacci-inspired MIMO antenna is proposed for modern wireless communication technologies, such as sub-6 GHz 5G, WiMAX, WLAN, and Wi-Fi. The proposed antenna incorporates a Fibonacci spiral as the radiating element along with an enhanced defected ground structure (DGS). This configuration provides improved impedance matching, low mutual coupling, and strong diversity characteristics. The antenna employs a slot-loaded decoupling strip and an optimized ground plane to suppress surface currents and enhance isolation between elements. In its final two-element configuration, the antenna exhibits three distinct resonant frequencies at 1.1 GHz, 4.22 GHz, and 5.65 GHz. Both simulated and measured results demonstrate excellent impedance matching, achieving a minimum return loss of -27.22 dB at 4.22 GHz and an isolation level better than -20 dB throughout the operating frequency range. Moreover, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) remains below 0.05, while the diversity gain exceeds 9.95 dB. The antenna also achieves a radiation efficiency ranging from 75% to 85%. Surface current analysis further demonstrates that the combination of the Fibonacci-inspired geometry and DGS effectively produces multiband operation while minimizing mutual coupling.
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Citation
Sachin S. Khade, Nikhil Mangrulkar, Praful N. Yerkewar, Tirupati M. Goskula, Chitra S. Khade, and Prajwal Rewatkar, "A Compact Fibonacci Fractal MIMO Antenna with Slotted Decoupling Structure for 5G and WLAN Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 173, 167-179, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC26070101
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