volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an optimization method based on Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) for design of reconfigurable dual-beam concentric ring array of isotropic elements with phase only control of five-bit digital phase shifters. The problem is to find a common radial amplitude distribution using four-bit digital attenuator that will generate three different types of broadsided beam pair in vertical plane: a pencil/pencil beam pair, a pencil/flat-top beam pair and a flat-top/flat-top beam pair sector pattern) with desired value of side lobe level, first null beam width and ripple. The two patterns differ only in radial discrete phase distribution while sharing a common discrete radial amplitude distribution. The optimum sets of four-bit discrete radial amplitude distribution generated by four-bit digital attenuators and five-bit discrete radial phase distribution generated by five-bit digital phase shifters for obtaining dual radiation patterns are computed by Gravitational Search Algorithm.

1. Diaz, X., J. A. Rodriguez, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, "Design of phase-dfferentiated multiple-pattern antenna arrays," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 26, 52-53, Jul. 2000.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(20000705)26:1<52::AID-MOP16>3.0.CO;2-0 Google Scholar

2. Durr, M., A. Trastoy, and F. Ares, "Multiple-pattern linear antenna arrays with single prefixed amplitude distributions: Modified Woodward-Lawson synthesis," Electronics Letters, Vol. 36, No. 16, 1345-1346, Aug. 2000.
doi:10.1049/el:20000980 Google Scholar

3. Bucci, O. M., G. Mazzarella, and G. Panariello, "Reconfigurable arrays by phase-only control," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 39, No. 7, 919-925, Jul. 1991.
doi:10.1109/8.86910 Google Scholar

4. Gies, D. and Y. Rahmat-samii, "Particle swarm optimization for reconfigurable phase-differentiated array design," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 38, 168-175, Aug. 2003.
doi:10.1002/mop.11005 Google Scholar

5. Mahanti, G. K., A. Chakraborty, and S. Das, "Design of fully digital controlled reconfigurable array antennas with fixed dynamic range ratio," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 21, No. 1, 97-106, 2007.
doi:10.1163/156939307779391768 Google Scholar

6. Mahanti, G. K., A. Chakraborty, and S. Das, "Design of phase-differentiated reconfigurable array antennas with minimum dynamic range ratio," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 5, 262-264, Dec. 2006.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2006.875899 Google Scholar

7. Stearns, C. and A. Stewart, "An investigation of concentric ring antennas with low sidelobes," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 13, No. 6, 856-863, Nov. 1965.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1965.1138544 Google Scholar

8. Goto, N. and D. K. Cheng, "On the synthesis of concentric-ring arrays," IEEE Proc., Vol. 58, No. 5, 839-840, May 1970.
doi:10.1109/PROC.1970.7776 Google Scholar

9. Biller, L. and G. Friedman, "Optimization of radiation patterns for an array of concentric ring sources," IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoust., Vol. 21, No. 1, 57-61, Feb. 1973.
doi:10.1109/TAU.1973.1162432 Google Scholar

10. Huebner, D., "Design and optimization of small concentric ring arrays," Proc. IEEE Antennas Propagation Int. Symp., Vol. 16, 455-458, May 1978. Google Scholar

11. Kumar, B. P. and G. R. Branner, "Design of low side lobe circular ring array by element radius optimazation," Proc. IEEE Antennas Propagation Int. Symp., 2032-2035, Orlando, FL, Aug. 1999. Google Scholar

12. Dessouky, M. I., H. A. Sharshar, and Y. A. Albagory, "Efficient sidelobe reduction technique for small-sized concentric circular arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 65, 187-200, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER06092503 Google Scholar

13. Haupt, R. L., "Optimized element spacing for low side lobe concentric ring arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 1, 266-268, Jan. 2008.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2007.913176 Google Scholar

14. Pathak, N., G. K. Mahanti, S. K. Singh, J. K. Mishra, and A. Chakraborty, "Synthesis of thinned planar circular array antennas using modified particle swarm optimization," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 12, 87-97, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIERL09090606 Google Scholar

15. Chatterjee, A., G. K. Mahanti, and N. Pathak, "Comparative performance of gravitational search algorithm and modified particle swarm optimization algorithm for synthesis of thinned scanned concentric ring array antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 25, 331-348, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERB10080405 Google Scholar

16. Dessouky, M. I., H. A. Sharshar, and Y. A. Albagory, "Optimum normalized-Gaussian tapering window for side lobe reduction in uniform concentric circular arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 69, 35-46, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER06111301 Google Scholar

17. Dessouky, M., H. Sharshar, and Y. Albagory, "A novel tapered beamforming window for uniform concentric circular arrays," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, 2077-2089, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306779322701 Google Scholar

18. Chen, T. B., Y. L. Dong, Y. C. Jiao, and F. S. Zhang, "Synthesis of circular antenna array using crossed particle swarm optimization algorithm," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 13, 1785-1795, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306779292273 Google Scholar

19. Rashedi, E., H. Nezamabadi-Pour, and S. Saryazdi, GSA: A Gravitational Search Algorithm, Vol. 179, No. 13, 2232-2248, Information Sciences, 2009.

Dr. Anirban Chatterjee

Dr. Gautam Mahanti

Dr. Priya Ranjan Sinha Mahapatra