Search search
Publication Date
to
Vol. 25
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERM 139 PIERM 138 PIERM 137 PIERM 136 PIERM 135 PIERM 134 PIERM 133 PIERM 132 PIERM 131 PIERM 130 PIERM 129 PIERM 128 PIERM 127 PIERM 126 PIERM 125 PIERM 124 PIERM 123 PIERM 122 PIERM 121 PIERM 120 PIERM 119 PIERM 118 PIERM 117 PIERM 116 PIERM 115 PIERM 114 PIERM 113 PIERM 112 PIERM 111 PIERM 110 PIERM 109 PIERM 108 PIERM 107 PIERM 106 PIERM 105 PIERM 104 PIERM 103 PIERM 102 PIERM 101 PIERM 100 PIERM 99 PIERM 98 PIERM 97 PIERM 96 PIERM 95 PIERM 94 PIERM 93 PIERM 92 PIERM 91 PIERM 90 PIERM 89 PIERM 88 PIERM 87 PIERM 86 PIERM 85 PIERM 84 PIERM 83 PIERM 82 PIERM 81 PIERM 80 PIERM 79 PIERM 78 PIERM 77 PIERM 76 PIERM 75 PIERM 74 PIERM 73 PIERM 72 PIERM 71 PIERM 70 PIERM 69 PIERM 68 PIERM 67 PIERM 66 PIERM 65 PIERM 64 PIERM 63 PIERM 62 PIERM 61 PIERM 60 PIERM 59 PIERM 58 PIERM 57 PIERM 56 PIERM 55 PIERM 54 PIERM 53 PIERM 52 PIERM 51 PIERM 50 PIERM 49 PIERM 48 PIERM 47 PIERM 46 PIERM 45 PIERM 44 PIERM 43 PIERM 42 PIERM 41 PIERM 40 PIERM 39 PIERM 38 PIERM 37 PIERM 36 PIERM 35 PIERM 34 PIERM 33 PIERM 32 PIERM 31 PIERM 30 PIERM 29 PIERM 28 PIERM 27 PIERM 26 PIERM 25 PIERM 24 PIERM 23 PIERM 22 PIERM 21 PIERM 20 PIERM 19 PIERM 18 PIERM 17 PIERM 16 PIERM 14 PIERM 13 PIERM 12 PIERM 11 PIERM 10 PIERM 9 PIERM 8 PIERM 7 PIERM 6 PIERM 5 PIERM 4 PIERM 3 PIERM 2 PIERM 1
All Journals
PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2012-08-14
Electromagnetic Scattering from a Multilayered Surface with Lossy Inhomogeneous Dielectric Profiles for Remote Sensing of Snow
By
Kaijun Song,

    Dr. Kaijun Song

    School of Electronic Engineering

    University of Electric Science and Technology of China

    China

    Homepage

Xiaobing Zhou,

    Dr. Xiaobing Zhou

    Department of Geophysical Engineering

    Montana Tech of the University of Montana

    USA

    Homepage

Yong Fan

    Prof. Yong Fan

    School of Electronic Engineering

    University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

    China

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 25, 197-209, 2012
doi:10.2528/PIERM12063004 | Google Scholar

Abstract
A multilayered backscattering model for a lossy medium has been presented in this paper. This multilayered model has been used to calculate the total surface reflection coefficients of a snow pack for both horizontal and vertical co-polarizations. The total surface reflection coefficients include contributions from both surface and volumetric backscattering. The backscattering coefficients calculated by this model were compared with in situ measurements on dry and wet snow. Results show that good agreements are obtained between the model and measurements for the co-polarization modes, especially for the snow with less liquid water content.
Download Full Article (1022) View Full Article volume
Citation
Kaijun Song, Xiaobing Zhou, and Yong Fan, "Electromagnetic Scattering from a Multilayered Surface with Lossy Inhomogeneous Dielectric Profiles for Remote Sensing of Snow," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 25, 197-209, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERM12063004
References

1. Yan, S. H., X. B. Wu, and Z. Z. Chen, "Remote sensing with TDMF radar: Some preliminary results," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 14, 79-90, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERL10022405        Google Scholar

2. Storvold, R., E. Malnes, Y. Larsen, K. A. H¿gda, S. E. Hamran, K. MÄuller, and K. A. Langley, "SAR remote sensing of snow parameters in Norwegian areas-current status and future perspective," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 13, 1751-1759, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306779292192        Google Scholar

3. Chen, K. S., T. D. Wu, and J. C. Shi, "A model-based inversion of rough soil surface parameters from radar measurements," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 15, No. 2, 173-200, 2001.
doi:10.1163/156939301X01336        Google Scholar

4. Wang, H., A. N. Arslan, J. Pulliainen, and M. Hallikainen, "Microwave emission model for wet snow by using radiative transfer and strong fluctuation theory--- Abstract," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 15, No. 1, 57-59, 2001.
doi:10.1163/156939301X00634        Google Scholar

5. Arslan, A. N., H. Wang, J. Pulliainen, and M. Hallikainen, "Effective permittivity of wet snow using strong fluctuation theory --- Abstract," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 15, No. 1, 57-59, 2001.
doi:10.1163/156939301X00625        Google Scholar

6. Boyarskii, D. A. and V. V. Tikhonov, "The influence of stratigraphy on microwave radiation from natural snow cover," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 14, No. 9, 1265-1285, 2000.
doi:10.1163/156939300X01201        Google Scholar

7. Hosseinmostafa, A. R., V. I. Lytle, K. C. Jezek, S. P. Gogineni, S. F. Ackley, and R. K. Moore, "Comparison of radar backscatter from Antarctic and Arctic sea ice," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 9, No. 3, 421-438, 1995.        Google Scholar

8. Boyarskii, D. A., V. V. Tikhonov, N. I. Kleeorin, and V. G. Mirovskii, "Inclusion of scattering losses in the models of the eFFective permittivity of dielectric mixtures and applications to wet snow," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 11, 1395-1410, 1994.        Google Scholar

9. Kanagaratnam, P., T. Markus, V. Lytle, B. Heavey, P. Jansen, G. Prescott, and S. P. Gogineni, "Ultrawideband radar measurements of thickness of snow over sea ice," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, No. 9, 2715-2724, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.900673        Google Scholar

10. Luojus, K. P., J. T. Pulliainen, S. J. Metsamaki, and M. T. Hallikainen, "Snow-covered area estimation using satellite radar wide-swath images," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, No. 4, 978-989, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.888864        Google Scholar

11. Yackel, J. J. and D. G. Barber, "Observations of snow water equivalent change on landfast first-year sea ice in winter using synthetic aperture radar data," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, No. 4, 1005-1015, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.890418        Google Scholar

12. Roy, V., K. Goita, A. Royer, A. E. Walker, and B. E. Goodison, "Snow water equivalent retrieval in a canadian boreal environment from microwave measurements using the HUT snow emission model," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 42, No. 9, 1850-1859, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2004.832245        Google Scholar

13. Arslan, A. N., H. Wang, J. Pullianinen, and M. Hallikainen, "Scattering from wet snow by applying strong fluctuation theory," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 17, No. 7, 1009-1024, 2003.
doi:10.1163/156939303322519081        Google Scholar

14. Baghdadi, N., Y. Gauthier, and M. Bernier, "Capability of multitemporal ERS-1 SAR data for wet-snow mapping," Remote Sens. Environ., Vol. 60, No. 2, 174-186, 1997.
doi:10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00180-0        Google Scholar

15. Nagler, T. and H. Rott, "Retrieval of wet snow by means of multitemporal SAR data," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 38, No. 2, 754-765, 2000.
doi:10.1109/36.842004        Google Scholar

16. Baghdadi, N., Y. Gauthier, M. Bernier, and J.-P. Fortin, "Potential and limitations of RADARSTAT SAR data for wet snow monitoring," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 38, No. 1, 316-320, 2000.
doi:10.1109/36.823925        Google Scholar

17. Kendra, J. R., K. Sarabandi, and F. T. Ulaby, "Radar measurements of snow: Experiment and analysis," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 36, No. 3, 864-879, 1998.
doi:10.1109/36.673679        Google Scholar

18. Shi, J. and J. Dozier, "Inferring snow wetness using C-band data from SIR-C's polarimetric synthetic aperture radar," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 33, No. 4, 905-914, 1995.
doi:10.1109/36.406676        Google Scholar

19. Ulaby, F. T., P. Siqueira, A. Nashashibi, and K. Sarabandi, "Semi-empirical model for radar backscatter from snow at 35 and 95 GHz," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 34, No. 5, 91059-91065, 1996.        Google Scholar

20. Fung, A. K., Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and Their Applications, Artech House, 1994.

21. Ulaby, F. T., R. K. Moore, and A. K. Fung, "Microwave Remote Sensing, Active and Passive," Addison-Wesley, Norwood, 1981.        Google Scholar

22. Guo, J., L. Tsang, E. G. Josberger, A. W. Wood, J.-N. Hwang, and D. P. Lettenmaier, "Mapping the spatial distribution and time evolution of snow water equivalent with passive microwave measurements," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 41, No. 3, 612-621, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2003.808907        Google Scholar

23. Fung, A. K., Z. Li, and K. S. Chen, "Backscattering from a randomly rough dielectric surface," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 30, No. 2, 356-369, 1992.
doi:10.1109/36.134085        Google Scholar

24. Song, K., X. Zhou, and Y. Fan, "Empirically adopted IEM for retrieval of soil moisture from radar backscattering coeFFIcients," IEEE Trans. on Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 47, No. 6, 1662-1672, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2008.2009061        Google Scholar

25. Song, K., X. Zhou, and Y. Fan, "Retrieval of soil moisture content from microwave backscattering using a modiFIed IEM model," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 26, 383-399, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERB10072905        Google Scholar

26. Song, K., X. Zhou, and Y. Fan, "Multilayer soil model for improvement of soil moisture estimation using the small perturbation method," Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, Vol. 3, No. 1, 033567, 2009.
doi:10.1117/1.3277666        Google Scholar

Download Full Article (1022) View Full Article volume


The EM Academy piers.org jpier.org Who's Who in EM
Copyright © 2022 The Electromagnetics Academy. All Rights Reserved.