1. Zghal, M., H.-E. Bouali, Z. B. Lakhdar, and H. Hamam, "The first steps for learning optics: Ibn Sahls, Al-Haythams and Youngs works on refraction as typical examples," The Education and Training in Optics and Photonics Conference (ETOP) 2007, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2007. Google Scholar
2. King, H. C., The History of the Telescope, Courier Dover Publications, 2003.
3. Pendry, J. B., "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 85, 3966-3969, 2000. Google Scholar
4. Williams, J. M., "Some problems with negative refraction," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 87, 249703-1, 2001. Google Scholar
5. Pendry, J., "Pendry replies to Williams," Phys. Rev. Lett.., Vol. 87, 249704-1, 2001. Google Scholar
6. Pendry, J., "Pendry's reply to Hooft," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 87, 249702-1, 2001. Google Scholar
7. Walser, R. M., A. P. Valanju, and P. M. Valanju, "Comment on extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 87, 119701-1, 2001. Google Scholar
8. Jacob, Z., L. V. Alekseyev, and E. Narimanov, "Optical Hyperlens: Far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit," Opt. Express, Vol. 14, 18, 2006. Google Scholar
9. Liu, Z., S. Durant, H. Lee, Y. Pikus, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, "Development of optical hyperlens for imaging below the diffraction limit," Nano. Lett., Vol. 7, 403-408, 2007. Google Scholar
10. Yang, R., W. Tang, Y. Hao, and I. Youngs, "A coordinate transformation-based broadband flat lens via microstrip array," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagat. Lett., Vol. 10, 99-102, 2011. Google Scholar
11. Pendry, J. B., D. Schurig, and D. R. Smith, "Controlling electromagnetic fields," Science, Vol. 312, 1780-1782, 2006. Google Scholar
12. Kwon, D. H. and D. H. Werner, "Transformation optical designs for wave collimators, flat lenses and right-angle bends," New J. Phys., Vol. 10, 115023, 2008. Google Scholar
13. Sussman, M., "Elementary diffraction theory of zone plates," Am. J. Phys., Vol. 28, 394-398, 1960. Google Scholar
14. Wood, R. W., Physical Optics, The Macmillan Company, 1905.
15. Sands, P. J., "Third-order aberrations of inhomogeneous lenses," J. Opt. Soc. Am., Vol. 60, 1436-1443, 1970. Google Scholar
16. Sands, P. J., "Inhomogeneous lenses, III. Paraxial optics," J. Opt. Soc. Am., Vol. 61, 879-885, 1971. Google Scholar
17. Bass, M. Ed., Handbook of Optics, 3rd Ed., The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2010.
18. Ilyas, S. and M. Gal, "Gradient refractive index planar microlens in Si using porous silicon," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 89, 211123-3, 2006. Google Scholar
19. Aieta, F., P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, N. Yu, R. Blanchard, Z. Gaburro, and F. Capasso, "Aberration-free ultrathin °at lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces," Nano Letters, Vol. 12, 4932-4936, 2012. Google Scholar
20. Yu, N., P. Genevet, M. A. Kats, F. Aieta, J. P. Tetienne, F. Capasso, and Z. Gaburro, "Light propagation with phase discontinuities: Generalized laws of reflection and refraction," Science, Vol. 334, 333-337, 2011. Google Scholar
21. Chen, X., L. Huang, H. Muhlenbernd, G. Li, B. Bai, Q. Tan, G. Jin, C. W. Qiu, S. Zhang, and T. Zentgraf, "Dual-polarity plasmonic metalens for visible light," Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Article No. 1198, 2012, doi:10.1038/ncomms2207. Google Scholar
22. Liu, R., Q. Cheng, J. Y. Chin, J. J. Mock, T. J. Cui, and D. R. Smith, "Broadband gradient index microwave quasi-optical elements based on non-resonant metamaterials," Opt. Express, Vol. 17, 21030-21041, 2009. Google Scholar
23. Ma, H. F., X. Chen, H. S. Xu, X. M. Yan, W. X. Jiang, and T. J. Cui, "Experiments on high-performance beam-scanning antennas made of gradient-index metamaterials,", Vol. 95, 094107, 2009. Google Scholar
24. Chen, X., H. F. Ma, X. Y. Zou, W. X. Jiang, and T. J. Cui, "Three-dimensional broadband and high-directivity lens antenna made of metamaterials," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 110, 044904-8, 2011. Google Scholar
25. Ma, H. F., X. Chen, X. M. Yang, W. X. Jiang, and T. J. Cui, "Design of multibeam scanning antennas with high gains and low sidelobes using gradient-index metamaterials," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 107, 014902-9, 2010. Google Scholar
26. Bakoglu, H., Circuits, Interconnections, and Packaging for VLSI, Addison-Wesley, 1990.
27. Kabiri, A., Q. He, M. Kermani, and O. M. Ramahi, "Design of a controllable delay line," IEEE Trans. Advanced Packaging, Vol. 33, 1080-1087, 2010. Google Scholar
28. Choi, M., S. H. Lee, Y. Kim, S. B. Kang, J. Shin, M. H. Kwak, K-Y. Kang, Y-H. Lee, N. Park, and B. Min, "A terahertz metamaterial with unnaturally high refractive index," Nature, Vol. 470, 369-373, 2011. Google Scholar
29. Ramahi, O. M. and M. Ruphuy, "Flat lenses and re°ectors and method for construction,", Patent Application No. US61912634, 2010. Google Scholar