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PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2023-02-22
Multiband Antenna for 2G/3G/4G and Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications Using Characteristic Mode Analysis
By
Devendra H. Patel,

    Prof. Devendra H. Patel

    Sankalchand Patel University

    India

    Homepage

Gautam Durlabhji Makwana

    Prof. Gautam Durlabhji Makwana

    Electronics & Communication Engineering Department

    Gujarat Technological University - Graduate School of Engineering and Technology

    India

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 115, 107-117, 2023
doi:10.2528/PIERM22122901 | Google Scholar

Abstract
A multi-band microstrip patch antenna consisting of an elliptical shape patch with four triangular-shaped arms mounted on a Rogers AD255C substrate with coaxial feed technique to cover 1720 MHz for 2G, 2120 MHz for 3G, 2372 MHz for 4G, and 3536 MHz for Sub-6 GHz 5G wireless communication applications is proposed in this paper. The antenna is designed by exciting a dominant & its orthogonal as well as higher order TMzmn0 modes based on cavity model-circular patch theory and then reshaped to an elliptical shape to get the resonance at desired bands. A Characteristics Mode Analysis (CMA) is used for computing electromagnetic resonance frequencies in conducting bodies. A radiating characteristic of the proposed antenna structure is analyzed and verified using CMA technique for target applications frequencies. The CMA demonstrates that the proposed antenna resonates at 1728 MHz, 2127 MHz, 2358 MHz, and 3436 MHz, making them suitable for use as multi-band antenna for 2G, 3G, 4G, and Sub-6 GHz 5G applications respectively after proper feeding. A simulated bandwidth at -10 dB return loss is 23 MHz (1707-1730 MHz) for 2G, 34  MHz (2104-2138 MHz) for 3G, 18 MHz (2364-2382  MHz) for 4G, and 67 MHz (3499-3566  MHz) for Sub-6 GHz 5G applications. The simulated peak gains are 6.29 dBi, 7.08 dBi, 4.51 dBi & 6.18 dBi which are validated by measured results at the respective resonant frequencies. An overall dimension of the proposed antenna is 100×100×3.175 mm3. The proposed antenna was simulated by CST Studio Suite 2020. Measurement was done for the fabricated antenna which shows good agreement with simulated ones. The proposed multi-band antenna with low complexity & easy design offers a quasi-omnidirectional radiation pattern and performance improvement.
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Citation
Devendra H. Patel, and Gautam Durlabhji Makwana, "Multiband Antenna for 2G/3G/4G and Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications Using Characteristic Mode Analysis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 115, 107-117, 2023.
doi:10.2528/PIERM22122901
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