volume | PIER Journals

2026-03-30

Wireless Power Transfer by Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Ultrasonic Frequencies

Louis W. Y. Liu,

Dr. Louis W. Y. Liu

Faculty of Engineering

Vietnamese German University

Vietnam

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Abhishek Kandwal,

Prof. Abhishek Kandwal

School of Chips

Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University

China

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Timo Oster,

Dr. Timo Oster

Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (Dept. 18) and the Institute of Integrated Electronic Systems (I

Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)

Germany

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Klaus Hofmann,

Dr. Klaus Hofmann

Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (Dept. 18) and the Institute of Integrated Electronic Systems (I

Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)

Germany

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Choon Kit Chan

Dr. Choon Kit Chan

Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying

INTI International University

Malaysia

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 137, 79-86, 2026

doi:10.2528/PIERM25121707 | Google Scholar

Abstract

Long-range wireless power transfer (WPT) is difficult with unguided radio waves or magnetic coupling. In this work, a plasma-assisted quasi-parallel planar waveguiding medium is proposed for overcoming the transmission range issues. Method: A dielectric layer sitting on a conductive object or grid was used as a medium for WPT. At the transmitting end, a plasma ball shielded with a spark-gap activated hemispheric metal cap was used to ionize the air in the space, thereby forming the top cladding layer of the quasi parallel-plate waveguide. At the receiving end, the transmitted power was coupled out of the waveguide over the entire ultrasonic spectrum using Avramenko diode configurations. A Kretschmann-like configuration was used at both ends for conversion between a plasmonic current and the surface waves. Results: In the proposed experimental setups, the transmitted power was successfully harvested over a frequency range from near DC to 230 MHz, with the ratio of the received power to the transmitted power significantly surpassing the value predicted by the Friis' two-ray ground reflection model. Conclusion: WPT based on surface waves is technically feasible with the help of Kretschmann-like configurations.

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Louis W. Y. Liu, Abhishek Kandwal, Timo Oster, Klaus Hofmann, and Choon Kit Chan, "Wireless Power Transfer by Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Ultrasonic Frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 137, 79-86, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERM25121707

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