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PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2026-03-30
Wireless Power Transfer by Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Ultrasonic Frequencies
By
Louis W. Y. Liu,

    Dr. Louis W. Y. Liu

    Faculty of Engineering

    Vietnamese German University

    Vietnam

    Homepage

Abhishek Kandwal,

    Prof. Abhishek Kandwal

    School of Chips

    Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University

    China

    Homepage

Timo Oster,

    Dr. Timo Oster

    Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (Dept. 18) and the Institute of Integrated Electronic Systems (I

    Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)

    Germany

    Homepage

Klaus Hofmann,

    Dr. Klaus Hofmann

    Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (Dept. 18) and the Institute of Integrated Electronic Systems (I

    Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)

    Germany

    Homepage

Choon Kit Chan

    Dr. Choon Kit Chan

    Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying

    INTI International University

    Malaysia

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 137, 79-86, 2026
doi:10.2528/PIERM25121707 | Google Scholar

Abstract
Long-range wireless power transfer (WPT) is difficult with unguided radio waves or magnetic coupling. In this work, a plasma-assisted quasi-parallel planar waveguiding medium is proposed for overcoming the transmission range issues. Method: A dielectric layer sitting on a conductive object or grid was used as a medium for WPT. At the transmitting end, a plasma ball shielded with a spark-gap activated hemispheric metal cap was used to ionize the air in the space, thereby forming the top cladding layer of the quasi parallel-plate waveguide. At the receiving end, the transmitted power was coupled out of the waveguide over the entire ultrasonic spectrum using Avramenko diode configurations. A Kretschmann-like configuration was used at both ends for conversion between a plasmonic current and the surface waves. Results: In the proposed experimental setups, the transmitted power was successfully harvested over a frequency range from near DC to 230 MHz, with the ratio of the received power to the transmitted power significantly surpassing the value predicted by the Friis' two-ray ground reflection model. Conclusion: WPT based on surface waves is technically feasible with the help of Kretschmann-like configurations.
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Citation
Louis W. Y. Liu, Abhishek Kandwal, Timo Oster, Klaus Hofmann, and Choon Kit Chan, "Wireless Power Transfer by Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Ultrasonic Frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 137, 79-86, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERM25121707
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