volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A novel 4-element MIMO (multi-input multi-output) array antenna is proposed for DSRC, WLAN, and X-band applications. The proposed antenna is a microstrip antenna that consists of a simple square patch as radiating element with a defected ground structure (DGS). Dimensions of the proposed antenna are very compact with size 40 x 48 x 0.8 mm³. It operates from 5.6-6.1 GHz (DSRC/WLAN) and 8.7-10.8 GHz (X-band) with impedance bandwidths (S₁₁ < = -10 dB) of 500 MHz and 2.1 GHz, respectively. The isolation between elements of MIMO is also greater than 25 dB in the operating bands. Antenna performance parameters are investigated at 5.9 GHz and 10.5 GHz center frequencies and computer-simulated, and experimentally measured characteristics are found to be satisfactory. A peak gain of 4.8 dB is achieved, and radiation efficiency is also greater than 75% in operating bands. ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient) is less than 0.05, and DG (Diversity Gain) is very close to 10. Group delay among the MIMO elements is below 2.7 ns, and CCL (Channel Capacity Loss) is also below 0.4 bits/sec/Hz. Therefore, the proposed 4-element MIMO antenna is suggestible for DSRC/WLAN and X-band applications.

1. Ijiguchi, T., D. Kanemoto, K. Yoshitomi, K. Yoshida, A. Ishikawa, S. Fukagawa, N. Kodama, A. Tahira, and H. Kanaya, "Circularly polarized one-sided directional slot antenna with reflector metal for 5.8-GHz DSRC operations," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 13, 778-781, 2014.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2014.2314962 Google Scholar

2. Mondal, T., S. Samanta, R. Ghatak, and S. R. Bhadra Chaudhuri, "A novel tri-band hexagonal microstrip patch antenna using modified Sierpinski fractal for vehicular communication," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 57, 25-34, 2015.
doi:10.2528/PIERC15021105 Google Scholar

3. Navarro-Méndez, D. V., L. F. Carrera-Suárez, D. Sánchez-Escuderos, M. Cabedo-Fabrés, M. Baquero-Escudero, M. Gallo, and D. Zamberlan, "Wideband double monopole for mobile, WLAN and C2C services in vehicular applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 16-19, 2016.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2016.2552398 Google Scholar

4. Naik, K. K. and P. A. V. Sri, "Design of hexadecagon circular patch antenna with DGS at Ku band for satellite communications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 63, 163-173, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERM17092205 Google Scholar

5. Madhav, B. T. P., T. Anilkumar, and S. K. Kotamraju, "Transparent and conformal wheel-shaped fractal antenna for vehicular communication applications," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 91, 1-10, 2018.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2018.04.028 Google Scholar

6. Naik, K. K., "Asymmetric CPW-fed SRR patch antenna for WLAN/Wimax applications," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 93, 103-108, 2018.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2018.06.008 Google Scholar

7. Prudhvi Nadh, B., B. T. P. Madhav, M. Siva Kumar, M. Venkateswara Rao, and T. Anilkumar, "Asymmetric ground structured circularly polarized antenna for ISM and WLAN band applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 76, 167-175, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERM18091405 Google Scholar

8. Madhav, B. T. P. and T. Anilkumar, "Design and study of multiband planar Wheel-like fractal antenna for vehicular communication applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 60, 1985-1993, 2018.
doi:10.1002/mop.31290 Google Scholar

9. Raju, M. P., D. S. Phani Kishore, and B. T. P. Madhav, "CPW FED T-shaped wearable antenna for ISM band, Wi-Fi, Wimax, WLAN and fixed satellite service applications," Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science, Vol. 19, 140-146, 2019.
doi:10.26866/jees.2019.19.2.140 Google Scholar

10. Joshi, M. P. and V. J. Gond, "Design and analysis of microstrip patch antenna for WLAN and vehicular communication," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 97, 163-176, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERC19090201 Google Scholar

11. Bandi, S., B. T. P. Madhav, D. K. Nayak, and S. S. M. Reddy, "Compact flexible inkjet-printing antenna on paper and transparent pet substrate materials for vehicular instrument communication," Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 14, 2019.
doi:10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/P10022 Google Scholar

12. Dattatreya, G. and K. K. Naik, "A low volume flexible CPW-FED elliptical-ring with split-triangular patch dual-band antenna," International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol. 29, 2019.
doi:10.1002/mmce.21766 Google Scholar

13. Anilkumar, T., B. T. P. Madhav, M. Venkateswara Rao, and B. Prudhvi Nadh, "Bandwidth reconfigurable antenna on a liquid crystal polymer substrate for automotive communication applications," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 117, 153096, 2020.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153096 Google Scholar

14. Kwon, O.-Y., R. Song, and B.-S. Kim, "A fully integrated shark-fin antenna for MIMO-LTE, GPS, WLAN, and WAVE applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, 600-603, 2018.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2018.2805681 Google Scholar

15. Alsath, M. G. N., H. Arun, Y. P. Selvam, M. Kanagasabai, S. Kingsly, S. Subbaraj, R. Sivasamy, S. K. Palaniswamy, and R. Natarajan, "An integrated tri-band/UWB polarization diversity antenna for vehicular networks," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 67, 5613-5620, 2018.
doi:10.1109/TVT.2018.2806743 Google Scholar

16. Venkateswara Rao, M., B. T. P. Madhav, J. Krishna, Y. U. Devi, T. Anilkumar, and B. P. Nadh, "CSRR-loaded T-shaped MIMO antenna for 5G cellular networks and vehicular communications," International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol. 29, 2019.
doi:10.1002/mmce.21799 Google Scholar

17. El Ouahabi, M., A. Zakriti, M. Essaaidi, A. Dkiouak, and H. Elftouh, "A miniaturized dual-band MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling for wireless applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 93, 93-101, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERC19032601 Google Scholar

18. Piao, H., Y. Jin, and L. Qu, "A compact and straightforward self-decoupled MIMO Antenna System for 5G applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 129236-129245, 2020.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3008966 Google Scholar

19. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed., Wiley, 2005.

20. Kraus, J. D., R. J. Marhefka, and A. S. Khan, Antennas and Wave Propagation, 4th Ed., Mc-Graw Hill, 2015.

Dr. Usha Devi Yalavarthi

Dr. Ravi Teja Koosam

Dr. Monica Naga Sai Durga Venna

Dr. Bhargav Sai Thota