2016-08-23
Statistical Design Centering Optimization of 1D Photonic Crystal Filters
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 49, 153-165, 2016
Abstract
A statistical design centering approach is introduced, to achieve the optimal design center point of one-dimensional photonic crystal-based filters which are parts of several optoelectronic systems. Up to our knowledge, it is the first time that a design centering approach is applied to such a design problem. The proposed approach seeks nominal designable parameter values that maximize the probability of satisfying the design specifications (yield function). Thus, the achieved optimal design center point is much more robust to unavoidable designable parameter variations, occurring during fabrication process, for example. The yield maximization problem is formulated as an unconstrained optimization problem solved by derivative-free based-algorithm (NEWUOA) coupled with a variance reduction yield estimator to reduce large number of required system simulations. The flexibility and efficiency of the proposed design centering approach are demonstrated by two practical examples: band pass optical filter and spectral control filter. A comparison with Minimax optimization technique is also given.
Citation
Abdel-Karim S. O. Hassan, Ahmed Sayed Mohamed, Mahmoud M. Taha, and Nadia H. Rafat, "Statistical Design Centering Optimization of 1D Photonic Crystal Filters," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 49, 153-165, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERM16061203
References

1. John, S. and K. Busch, "Photonic bandgap formation and tunability in certain self-organizing systems," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 17, No. 11, 1931-1943, 1999.
doi:10.1109/50.802976        Google Scholar

2. Lee, C., R. Radhakrishnan, C.-C. Chen, J. Li, J. Thillaigovindan, and N. Balasubramanian, "Design and modeling of a nanomechanical sensor using silicon photonic crystals," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 26, No. 7, 839-846, 2008.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2007.915273        Google Scholar

3. Prather, D. W., Photonic Crystals, Theory, Applications and Fabrication, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

4. Joannopoulos, J. D., S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, Princeton University Press, 2011.

5. Celanovic, I., F. O. Sullivan, M. Ilak, J. Kassakian, and D. Perreault, "Design and optimization of one dimensional photonic crystals for thermophotovoltaic applications," Optics Letters, Vol. 29, No. 8, 863-865, 2004.
doi:10.1364/OL.29.000863        Google Scholar

6. Del Villar, I., I. R. Matias, and F. J. Arregui, "Fiber-optic multiple-wavelength filter based on one-dimensional photonic bandgap structures with defects," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1615-1621, 2004.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2004.827668        Google Scholar

7. Kurt, H. and D. S. Citrin, "Photonic crystals for biochemical sensing in the terahertz region," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, No. 4, 041108-041108, 2005.
doi:10.1063/1.1999861        Google Scholar

8. Chubb, D., Fundamentals of Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion, Elsevier, 2007.

9. Swillam, M. A., M. H. Bakr, and X. Li, "The design of multilayer optical coatings using convex optimization," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 25, No. 4, 1078-1085, 2007.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2007.891457        Google Scholar

10. Baedi, J., H. Arabshahi, M. G. Armaki, and E. Hosseini, "Optical design of multilayer filter by using pso algorithm," Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 1, 56-59, 2010.        Google Scholar

11. Xu, J., "Optimization of construction of multiple one dimensional photonic crystals to extend bandgap by genetic algorithm," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 28, No. 7, 1114-1120, 2010.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2009.2039194        Google Scholar

12. Rafat, N. H., S. A. El-Naggar, and S. I. Mostafa, "Modeling of a wide band pass optical filter based on 1d ternary dielectric-metallic-dielectric photonic crystals," J. Optics, Vol. 13, No. 8, 085101, 2011.
doi:10.1088/2040-8978/13/8/085101        Google Scholar

13. Jia, W., J. Deng, B. P. L. Reid, X. Wang, C. Chan, H. Wu, X. Li, R. A. Taylor, and A. J. Danner, "Design and fabrication of optical filters with very large stopband (500 nm) and small passband (1 nm) in silicon-on insulator," Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 4, 447-451, 2012.        Google Scholar

14. Mostafa, S. I., N. H. Rafat, and S. A. El-Naggar, "One-dimensional metallic-dielectric (Ag/Sio2) photonic crystals filter for thermophotovoltaic applications," Renewable Energy, Vol. 45, 245-250, 2012.
doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.03.001        Google Scholar

15. Badaoui, H. A. and M. Abri, "One-dimensional photonic crystal selective filters design using simulated annealing optimization technique," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 53, 107-129, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIERB13052503        Google Scholar

16. Hassan, A. S. O., A. S. A. Mohamed, M. M. T. Maghrabi, and N. H. Rafat, "Optimal design of one-dimensional photonic crystal filters using minimax optimization approach," Applied Optics, Vol. 54, No. 6, 1399-1409, 2015.
doi:10.1364/AO.54.001399        Google Scholar

17. Asghar, M. H., M. Shoaib, F. Placido, and S. Naseem, "Wide bandpass optical filters with TiO2 and Ta2O5," Cent. Eur. J. Phys., Vol. 6, No. 4, 853-863, 2008.        Google Scholar

18. Hassan, A. S. O. and A. S. A. Mohamed, "Surrogate-based circuit design centering," Surrogate-Based Modeling and Optimization, 27-49, Springer, 2013.
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7551-4_2        Google Scholar

19. Zaabab, A. H., Q.-J. Zhang, and M. Nakhla, "A neural network modelling approach to circuit optimization and statistical design," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 43, No. 6, 1349-1358, 1995.
doi:10.1109/22.390193        Google Scholar

20. Keramat, M. and R. Kielbasa, "A study of stratified sampling in variance reduction techniques for parametric yield estimation," IEEE Trans Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, Vol. 45, No. 5, 575-583, 1998.        Google Scholar

21. Hassan, A. S. O., H. L. Abdel-Malek, and A. A. Rabie, "Non-derivative design centering algorithm using trust region optimization and variance reduction," Eng. Opt., Vol. 38, No. 1, 37-51, 2006.
doi:10.1080/03052150500323880        Google Scholar

22. Hassan, A. S. O., A. S. A. Mohamed, and A. Y. El-Sharabasy, "EM-based yield optimization exploiting trust region optimization and space mapping technology," Int. J. RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 6, 474-484, 2015.
doi:10.1002/mmce.20878        Google Scholar

23. Powell, M. J. D., The Newuoa Software for Unconstrained Optimization Without Derivatives. Large-scale Nonlinear Optimization, 255-297, Springer, 2006.
doi:10.1007/0-387-30065-1_16

24. Powell, M. J. D., "A view of algorithms for optimization without derivatives," Mathematics Today-Bulletin of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 43, No. 5, 170-174, 2007.        Google Scholar

25. McKay, M. D., R. J. Beckman, and W. J. Conover, "Comparison of three methods for selecting values of input variables in the analysis of output from a computer code," Technometrics, Vol. 21, No. 2, 239-245, 1979.        Google Scholar

26. Metropolis, N. and S. Ulam, "The monte carlo method," J. the American Statistical Association, Vol. 44, No. 247, 335-341, 1949.
doi:10.1080/01621459.1949.10483310        Google Scholar

27. Hocevar, D. E., M. R. Lightner, and T. N. Trick, "A study of variance reduction techniques for estimating circuit yields," IEEE Trans Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, Vol. 2, No. 3, 180-192, 1983.
doi:10.1109/TCAD.1983.1270035        Google Scholar

28. Pendry, J., "Photonic band structures," J. Modern Optics, Vol. 41, No. 2, 209-229, 1994.
doi:10.1080/09500349414550281        Google Scholar

29. Ni, X., Z. Liu, and A. V. Kildishev, PhotonicsDB: Optical Constants, 2010, http://nanohub.org/resources/PhotonicsDB/usage.