2010-02-09
Super-Lattice Structure Photonic Crystal Fiber
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 11, 53-64, 2010
Abstract
We propose a kind of novel photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) based on a super-lattice structure. Uniform air holes are used to form the basic cell structure. Using the uniform air holes in the PCF has the advantage of minimizing the structural distortion during fabrication while forming a complex-structure cross section. We propose an effective-circular-hole PCF with similar properties of the conventional circular-hole PCF to address the concept of the super-lattice structure PCF. An effective-elliptical-hole PCF based on a super-lattice structure is proposed and investigated, which has the similar birefringent and confinement loss characteristics as the previously reported elliptical-hole PCF. Other PCFs based on super-lattice structures such as the effective-triangular-hole PCF and effective-rectangular-hole PCF can also be achieved by using the design method proposed in this paper.
Citation
Daru Chen, Ming-Leung Vincent Tse, and Hwa-Yaw Tam, "Super-Lattice Structure Photonic Crystal Fiber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 11, 53-64, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERM09120701
References

1. Birks, T. A., J. C. Knight, and P. S. J. Russel, "Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber," Opt. Lett., Vol. 22, 961-963, 1997.
doi:10.1364/OL.22.000961        Google Scholar

2. Knight, J. C. and P. S. J. Russell, "Photonic crystal fibers: New way to guide light," Science, Vol. 296, 276-277, 2002.
doi:10.1126/science.1070033        Google Scholar

3. Knight, J. C., "Photonic crystal fibers," Nature, Vol. 424, 847-851, 2003.
doi:10.1038/nature01940        Google Scholar

4. Ortigosa-Blanch, A., J. C. Knight, W. J. Wadsworth, J. Arriaga, B. J. Mangan, T. A. Birks, and P. S. J. Russel, "Highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Lett., Vol. 25, 1325-1327, 2000.
doi:10.1364/OL.25.001325        Google Scholar

5. Ferrando, A., E. Silvestre, J. J. Miret, and P. Andres, "Nearly zero ultraflattened dispersion in photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Lett., Vol. 25, 790-792, 2000.
doi:10.1364/OL.25.000790        Google Scholar

6. Knight, J. C. and D. V. Skryabin, "Nonlinear waveguide optics and photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Express, Vol. 15, 15365-15376, 2007.
doi:10.1364/OE.15.015365        Google Scholar

7. Fevrier, S., P. Viale, F, Gerome, P. Leproux, P. Roy, J.-M. Blondy, B. Dussardier, and G. Monnom, "Very large effective area singlemode photonic bandgap fibre," Eletron. Lett., Vol. 39, 1240-1242, 2003.
doi:10.1049/el:20030841        Google Scholar

8. Dobb, H., K. Kalli, and D. J. Webb, "Temperature-insensitive long period grating sensors in photonic crystal fibre," Eletron. Lett., Vol. 40, 657-658, 2004.
doi:10.1049/el:20040433        Google Scholar

9. Dong, X. and H. Y. Tam, "Temperature-insensitive strain sensor Temperature-insensitive strain sensor with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based on Sagnac interferometer," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 90, 151113, 2007.
doi:10.1063/1.2722058        Google Scholar

10. Wadsworth, W. J., J. C. Knight, W. H. Reewes, P. S. J. Russell, and J. Arriaga, "Yb3+-doped photonic crystal fibre laser," Eletron. Lett., Vol. 36, 1452-1253, 2000.
doi:10.1049/el:20000942        Google Scholar

11. Liu, X., X. Zhou, X. Tang, J. Ng, J. Hao, T. Chai, E. Leong, and C. Lu, "Swithable and tunable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser with fiber Bragg grating and photonic crystal fiber," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 17, 1626-1628, 2005.
doi:10.1109/LPT.2005.851024        Google Scholar

12. Chen, D., "Stable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on photonic crystal fiber Sagnac loop filter," Laser Phys. Lett., Vol. 4, 437-439, 2007.
doi:10.1002/lapl.200710003        Google Scholar

13. Broderick, N. G. R., T. M. Monro, P. J. Bennett, and D. J. Richardson, "Nonlinearity in holey optical fibers: Measurement and future opportunities," Opt. Lett., Vol. 24, 1395-1397, 1999.
doi:10.1364/OL.24.001395        Google Scholar

14. Dudley, J. M. and J. R. Taylor, "Ten years of nonlinear optics in photonic crystal fibre," Nature Photonics, Vol. 3, 85-90, 2009.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2008.285        Google Scholar

15. Saitoh, K. and M. Koshiba, "Single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fibers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 15, 1384-1386, 2003.
doi:10.1109/LPT.2003.818215        Google Scholar

16. Ju, J., W. Jin, and M. S. Demokan, "Design of single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber at 1.30 μm and 1.55μm," J. Lightw. Technol., Vol. 24, 825-830, 2006.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2005.861942        Google Scholar

17. Chen, D. and L. Shen, "Highly birefringent elliptical-hole photonic crystal fibers with double defect," J. Lightw. Technol., Vol. 25, 2700-2705, 2007.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2007.902114        Google Scholar

18. Hu, D. J. J., P. Shum, C. Lu, X. Yu, G. Wang, and G. Ren, "Holey ¯ber design for single-polarization single-mode guidance," Appl. Opt., Vol. 48, 4038-4043, 2009.
doi:10.1364/AO.48.004038        Google Scholar

19. Saitoh, K., M. Koshiba, T. Hasegawa, and E. Sasaoka, "Chromatic dispersion control in photonic crystal fibers: Application to ultra-flattened dispersion," Opt. Express,, Vol. 11, 843-852, 2003.
doi:10.1364/OE.11.000843        Google Scholar

20. Poletti, F., V. Finazzi, T. M. Monro, N. G. R. Broderick, V. Tse, and D. J. Richardson, "Inverse design and fabrication tolerances of ultra-flattened dispersion holey fibers," Opt. Express, Vol. 13, 3728-3736, 2005.
doi:10.1364/OPEX.13.003728        Google Scholar

21. Steel, M. J. and R. M. Osgood, "Elliptical-hole photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Lett., Vol. 26, 229-231, 2001.
doi:10.1364/OL.26.000229        Google Scholar

22. Chen, D. and L. Shen, "Ultrahigh birefringent photonic crystal fiber with ultralow confinement loss," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 19, 185-187, 2007.
doi:10.1109/LPT.2006.890040        Google Scholar

23. Suzuki, K., H. Kubota, S. Kawanishi, M. Tanaka, and M. Fujita, "Optical properties of a low-loss polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber," Opt. Express, Vol. 9, 676-680, 2001.
doi:10.1364/OE.9.000676        Google Scholar

24. Wu, J.-J., D. Chen, K.-L. Liao, T.-J. Yang, and W. L. Ouyang, "The optical properties of Bragg fiber with a fiber core of 2-dimension elliptical-hole photonic crystal structure," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 10, 87-95, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIERL09061804        Google Scholar

25. Wang, Z., G. Ren, S. Lou, and S. Jian, "Supercell lattice method for photonic crystal fibers," Opt. Express, Vol. 11, 980-991, 2003.
doi:10.1364/OE.11.000980        Google Scholar

26. Saitoh, K. and M. Koshiba, "Full-vectorial imaginary-distance beam propagation method based on finite element scheme: Application to photonic crystal fibers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., Vol. 38, 927-933, 2002.
doi:10.1109/JQE.2002.1017609        Google Scholar

27. Yang, R., W. Xue, T. Huang, and G. Zhou, "Research on the e®ects of air hole shape on the properties of microstructured optical fibers," Optical Engineering, Vol. 43, 2701-2706, 2004.
doi:10.1117/1.1795260        Google Scholar