Vol. 137
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2013-02-13
Parallel Shooting and Bouncing Ray Method on GPU Clusters for Analysis of Electromagnetic Scattering
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 137, 87-99, 2013
Abstract
This paper proposes an efficient parallel shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method on the graphics processing unit (GPU) cluster for solving the electromagnetic scattering problems. At each incident direction, the parallel SBR method partitions the virtual aperture into sub-apertures, and distributes the computational process of each sub-aperture over GPU nodes. As ray tubes in the virtual aperture do not have the same computational time, the parallel efficiency highly depends on how to partition the virtual aperture. This paper addresses this issue by a dynamic partitioning scheme according to the computational time at the previous angle, which can achieve excellent load balance. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy, high parallel efficiency, good scalability and versatility of the proposed method.
Citation
Peng Cheng Gao, Yu Bo Tao, and Hai Lin, "Parallel Shooting and Bouncing Ray Method on GPU Clusters for Analysis of Electromagnetic Scattering," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 137, 87-99, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIER13011505
References

1. Ling, H., R. C. Chou, and S. W. Lee, "Shooting and bouncing rays: Calculating the RCS of an arbitrarily shaped cavity," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 37, No. 2, 194-205, 1989.
doi:10.1109/8.18706

2. Heh, D. Y., E. L. Tan, and H. Lin, "Modeling the interaction of terahertz pulse with healthy skin and basal cell carcinoma using the unconditionally stable fundamental adi-FDTD method," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 37, 365-386, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11090905

3. Nam, K. M., L. M. Zurk, and S. Schecklman, "Modeling terahertz diffuse scattering from granular media using radiative transfer theory," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 38, 205-223, 2012.

4. Jin, K. S., T. I. Suh, S. H. Suk, B. C. Kim, and H. T. Kim, "Fast ray tracing using a space-division algorithm for RCS prediction," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 1, 119-126, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306775777341

5. Tao, Y. B., H. Lin, and H. J. Bao, "KD-tree based fast ray tracing for RCS prediction," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 81, 329-341, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08011305

6. Havran, V., "Heuristic ray shooting algorithms,", Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. Czech Technical, Prague, 2000.

7. Suk, S. H., T. I. Seo, H. S. Park, and H. T. Kim, "Multiresolution grid algorithm in the SBR and its application to the RCS calculation," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 29, No. 6, 394-397, 2001.
doi:10.1002/mop.1188

8. Tao, Y. B., H. Lin, and H. J. Bao, "GPU-based shooting and bouncing ray method for fast RCS prediction," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 58, No. 2, 494-502, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2037694

9. Gao, P. C., Y. B. Tao, and H. Lin, "Fast RCS prediction using multiresolution shooting and bouncing ray method on the GPU," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 187-202, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10061807

10. Vaccari, A., A. Cala'Lesina, L. Cristoforetti, and R. Pontalti, "Parallel implementation of a 3D subgridding FDTD algorithm for large simulations," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 120, 263-292, 2011.

11. Guo, X.-M., Q.-X. Guo, W. Zhao, and W. Yu, "Parallel FDTD simulation using NUMA acceleration technique," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 28, 1-8, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERL11101706

12. Garcia-Donoro, D., I. Martinez-Fernandez, L. E. Garcia-Castillo, Y. Zhang, and T. K. Sarkar, "RCS computation using a parallel in-core and out-of-core direct solver," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 118, 505-525, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER11052611

13. Pan, X.-M., W.-C. Pi, and X.-Q. Sheng, "On openMP parallelization of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 112, 199-203, 2011.

14. Ergul, O., "Parallel implementation of MLFMA for homogeneous objects with various material properties," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 121, 505-520, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER11092501

15. Fan, Z., F. Qiu, and A. Kaufman, "Zippy: A framework for computation and visualization on a GPU cluster," Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 27, No. 2, 341-350, 2008.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01131.x

16. Godel, N., N. Nunn, T. Warburton, and M. Clemens, "Scalability of high-order discontinuous Galerkin FEM computations for solving electromagnetic wave propagation problems on GPU Clusters," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 46, No. 8, 3469-3472, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2010.2046022

17. Lee, K. H., I. Ahmed, R. S. M. Goh, E. H. Khoo, E. P. Li, and T. G. G. Hung, "Implementation of the FDTD method based on Lorentz-Drude dispersive model on GPU for plasmonics applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 116, 441-456, 2011.

18. Shahmansouri, A and B. Rashidian, "GPU implementation of split-field finite-difference time-domain method for Drude-Lorentz dispersive media," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 125, 55-77, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER12010505

19. Dziekonski, A., P. Sypek, A. Lamecki, and M. Mrozowski, "Finite element matrix generation on a GPU," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 128, 249-265, 2012.

20. Capozzoli, A., C. Curcio, and A. Liseno, "Fast GPU-based interpolation for SAR backprojection," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 133, 259-283, 2013.

21. Popov, S, J. Gunther, H.-P. Seidel, and P. Slusallek, "Stackless KD-tree traversal for high performance GPU ray tracing," Computer Graphics Forum, Vol. 26, No. 3, 415-424, 2007.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2007.01064.x

22. Marchesin, S., C. Mongenet, and J.-M. Dischler, "Dynamic load balancing for parallel volume rendering," Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics Conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization, 43-50, 2006.