volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper a novel method for ultra-high-resolution, compact and tunable optical displacement sensor using ring resonator and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. The introduced technique uses ring resonator as an interesting element including high quality factor. We show that the proposed sensor can easily detect well below nanometer ranges. It is shown that the proposed idea of using EIT the resolution of the sensor is so high for displacement below mm range and for ranges larger than mm the sensitivity of the proposed sensor in both EIT and traditional cases is same approximately. Also, the proposed sensor is optically tunable. So, depends on required resolution optical control field can be used to tune the sensitivity of the proposed device.

1. Webster, J. G., Measurement, Instrumentation, 2003.

2. Dandridge A., Fiber Optic Sensors Based on the Mach-Zehnder, Fiber Optic Sensors Based on the Mach-Zehnder and Michelson Interferometers, in Fiber Optic Sensors: An Introduction for Engineers and Scientists, 1991.

3. Kersey, A. D., "Distributed and multiplexed fiber optic sensors," Fiber Optic Sensors: An Introduction for Engineers and Scientists, 1991. Google Scholar

4. Marcuse, D., Principles of Optical Fiber Measurements, Academic Press, 1981.

5. Vollmer, F. and P. Fischer, "Frequency-domain displacement sensing with a fiber ring-resonator," Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 134, 410-413, 2007.
doi:10.1016/j.sna.2006.06.022 Google Scholar

6. Rostami, A. and G. Rostami, "Full optical analog to digital (A/D) converter based on Kerr-like nonlinear ring resonator," Optics Communications, Vol. 228, 39-48, 2003.
doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2003.09.085 Google Scholar

7. Rostami, A. and K. Abbasian, "All-optical filter design: electromagnetically induced transparency and ring resonator," Proceeding of ICT-MICC 2007, 2007.

8. Kiyat, I., C. Kocabas, and A. Aydinli, "Integrated microring resonator displacement sensor for scanning probe microscopes," J. Micromechanical MicroEng., Vol. 14, 374-387, 2004.
doi:10.1088/0960-1317/14/3/009 Google Scholar

9. White, I. M., H. Zhu, J. D. Suter, H. Oveys, and X. Fan, "Liquid core optical ring resonator sensors," Optics Letters, Vol. 31, 1319-1321, 2006.
doi:10.1364/OL.31.001319 Google Scholar

10. Boyd, R. W. and J. E. Heebner, "Sensitive disk resonator photonic biosensor," Appl. Opt., Vol. 40, 5742-5747, 2001.
doi:10.1364/AO.40.005742 Google Scholar

11. Lee, H., M. Fleischhauer, and M. O. Scully, "Sensitive detection of magnetic fields including their orientation with a magnetometer based on atomic phase coherence," Phys. Rev. A, Vol. 58, No. 3, 1998. Google Scholar

12. Host, C. M. K., "Design and modeling of waveguide coupled single mode microring resonators," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 16, 1433-1446, 1998.
doi:10.1109/50.704609 Google Scholar

13. Okamura, H. and K. Iwatsuki, "A finesse-enhanced Er doped fiber ring resonator," J. Lightwave Technology, Vol. 9, 1557-1560, 1991. Google Scholar

14. Agrawal, G. P., Fiber Optic Communication Systems, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

15. Agrawal, G. P., Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Academic Press, 2001.

16. Suh, W., O. Solgaard, and S. Fan, "Displacement sensing using evanescent tunneling between guided resonances in photonic crystal slabs," J. of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, 033102, 2005.
doi:10.1063/1.1999031 Google Scholar

17. Lopez, J. M., Handbook of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology, Wiley, 2002.

18. Chen, H., L. X. Ran, J. Huangfu, X. M. Zhang, K. S. Cheng, T. M. Grzegorczyk, and J. A. Kong, "Magnetic properties of S-shaped split-ring resonators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 51, 231-247, 2005.
doi:10.2528/PIER04051201 Google Scholar

19. Lee, S. W., W. Kuga, and A. Ishimaru, "Quasi-static analysis of materials with small tunable stacked split ring resonators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 51, 219-229, 2005.
doi:10.2528/PIER04020602 Google Scholar

20. Yao, H. Y., L. W. Li, Q. Wu, and J. A. Kong, "Macroscopic per formance analysis of metamaterials synthesized from microscopic 2-D isotropic cross split-ring resonator array," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 51, 197-217, 2005.
doi:10.2528/PIER04020301 Google Scholar

21. Zhang, J., B. Cui, S. Lin, and X. W. Sun, "Sharprejection low-pass filter with controllable transmission zero using complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs)," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 69, 219-226, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER06122103 Google Scholar

22. Zhang, X. C., Z. Y. Yu, and J. Xu, "Novel band-pass substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter based on complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs)," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 72, 39-46, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07030201 Google Scholar

23. Fan, J. W., C. H. Liang, and X. W. Dai, "Design of cross-coupled dual-band filter with equal-length split-ring resonators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 285-293, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07060904 Google Scholar

24. Niu, J. X., X. L. Zhou, and L. S. Wu, "Analysis and application of novel structures based on split ring resonators and coupled lines," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 153-162, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07060101 Google Scholar

25. Scully, M. O. and M. S. Zubairy, Quantum Optics, Cambridge University Press, 1997.

Dr. Reza Yadipour

Dr. Karim Abbasian

Prof. Ali Rostami

Dr. Zia Koozekanani