volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This paper presents the performance analysis of Bistatic Interferometer BAsed on Spaceborne SAR (BIBASS). As a bistatic system with general configuration, the system response of BIBASS is azimuth/range dependent. Taking into account this peculiarity, the appropriate theoretical framework is developed to make a more accurate evaluation of the performance of BIBASS. Firstly, the interferometric features are studied. Then, considering all kinds of de-correlation factors, a comprehensive investigation of coherence of such a system is conducted, followed by the relative height accuracy analysis. The theoretical analysis and simulation show that BIBASS, with the ability of high-precision height measurement, can be widely applied as a novel remote sensing measurement system.

1. Lopez-Dekker, , P., J. J. Mallorqui, P. Srra-Morales, and J. Sanz-Marcos, "Phase synchronization and Doppler centroid estimation in ¯xed receiver bistatic SAR systems," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 46, 3459-3471, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2008.923322 Google Scholar

2. He, Z., F. He, J. Li, H. Huang, Z. Dong, and D. Liang, "Echo-domain phase synchronization algorithm for bistatic SAR in alternating bistatic/ping{pong mode," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 9, 604-608, 2012.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2011.2162223 Google Scholar

3. Wang, W., "Approach of adaptive synchronization for bistatic SAR real-time imaging," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, 2695-2700, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.901058 Google Scholar

4. Liu, Y., Y. Deng, R. Wang, and X. Jia, "Bistatic FMCW SAR raw signal simulator for extended scenes," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 128, 479-502, 2012. Google Scholar

5. Qiu, X., D. Hu, and C. Ding, "An improved NLCS algorithm with capability analysis for one-stationary BiSAR," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 46, 3179-3186, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2008.921569 Google Scholar

6. Wu, J., Z. Li, Y. Huang, and J. Yang, "Processing one-stationary bistatic SAR data using inverse scaled fourier transform," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 129, 143-159, 2012. Google Scholar

7. Rodriguez-Cassola, M., S. V. Baumgartner, G. Krieger, and A. Moreira, "Bistatic TerraSAR-X/F-SAR spaceborne-airborne SAR experiment: Description, data processing, and results," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 48, 781-794, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2009.2029984 Google Scholar

8. Walterscheid, I., T. Espeter, A. R. Brenner, J. Klare, J. H. Ender, H. Nies, R.Wang, and O. Loffeld, "Bistatic SAR experiments with PAMIR and TerraSAR-X: Setup, processing and image results," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 48, 3268-3279, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2010.2043952 Google Scholar

9. Sanz-Marcos, J., P. Lopez-Dekker, J. J. Mallorqui, A. Aguasca, and P. Prats, "SABRINA: A SAR bistatic receiver for interferometric applications," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 4, 307-311, 2007.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2007.894144 Google Scholar

10. Antoniou, M., Z. Zeng, F. Liu, and M. Cherniakov, "Experimental demonstration of passive BSAR imaging using navigation satellites and a fixed receiver," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 9, 477-481, 2012.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2011.2172571 Google Scholar

11. Krieger, G., A. Moreira, H. Fiedler, I. Hanjnsek, M. Werner, M. Younis, and M. Zink, "TanDEM-X: A satellite formation for high-resolution SAR interferometry," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, 3317-3341, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.900693 Google Scholar

12. Duque, S., P. Lopez-Dekker, J. J. Mallorqui, and J. C. Merlano, "Repeat-pass interferometry using a fixed-receiver and ERS-2/ENVIST as transmitters of opportunity," Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience Remote Sensing Symposium, 246-249, 2009. Google Scholar

13. Duque, S., P. Lopez-Dekker, and J. J. Mallorqui, "Single-pass bistatic SAR interferometry using fixed-receiver configurations: Theory and experimental validation," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 48, 2740-3749, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2010.2041063 Google Scholar

14. Liu, F., M. Antoniou, Z. Zeng, and M. Cherniakov, "Coherent change detection using passive GNSS-based BSAR: Experimental proof of concept," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 51, 4544-4555, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2012.2231082 Google Scholar

15. Zhang, Q., W. Chang, and F. Yan, "Bistatic interferometer based on spaceborne SAR," Proceedings of IET International Radar Conference, 2013. Google Scholar

16. Wang, W., J. Cai, and Q. Peng, "Near-space microwave radar remote sensing: Potentials and challenge analysis," Remote Sens., Vol. 2, 717-739, 2010.
doi:10.3390/rs2030717 Google Scholar

17. Bamler, R. and P. Hartl, "Synthetic aperture radar interferome-try," Inverse Problems., Vol. 14, 1-54, 1998.
doi:10.1088/0266-5611/14/4/001 Google Scholar

18. Zebker, H. A. and J. Villasenor, "Decorrelation in interferometric radar echoes," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 30, 950-959, 1992.
doi:10.1109/36.175330 Google Scholar

19. Rodriguez, E. and J. M. Martin, "Theory and design of interferometic synthetic aperture radars," IEE Proceeding --- F Radar and Signal Processing, Vol. 139, 147-159, 1992.
doi:10.1049/ip-f-2.1992.0018 Google Scholar

20. Li, F. K. and R. M. Goldstein, "Studies of multi-baseline spaceborne interderometric synthetic aperture radars," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 28, 88-97, 1990.
doi:10.1109/36.45749 Google Scholar

21. Gatelli, F., A. M. Guarnieri, F. Parizzi, P. Pasquali, C. Parti, and F. Rocca, "The wavenumber shift in SAR interferometry," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 32, 855-865, 1994.
doi:10.1109/36.298013 Google Scholar

22. Massonnet, D., "Capabilities and limitations of the interferometric cartwheel," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 39, 506-520, 2001.
doi:10.1109/36.911109 Google Scholar

23. Krieger, G., H. Fiedler, J. Mittermayer, K. Papathanassiou, and A. Moreira, "Analysis of multistatic configurations for spaceborne SAR interferometry," IEE Proc. --- Radar Sonar Navig., Vol. 150, 87-96, 2003.
doi:10.1049/ip-rsn:20030441 Google Scholar

24. Martone, M., B. Brautigam, and G. Krieger, "Decorrelation effects in bistatic TanDEM-X data," Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 5558-5561, 2012. Google Scholar

25. Brautigam, B., M. Martone, and P. Rizzoli, "Interferometric performance of TanDEM-X global DEM acquisitions," Proceedings of 9th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, 82-92, 2012. Google Scholar

26. Cherniakov, M., "Bistatic Radar: Principles and Practice," John Wiley & Sons, 2007. Google Scholar

27. Wang, T. and Improving coherence, "Improving coherence ofcomplex image pairs obtained by along-track bistatic SARs using range-azimuth prefiltering," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 46, 3-13, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.906872 Google Scholar

28. Li, F. K. and W. T. K. Johnson, "Ambiguities in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar systems," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., Vol. 19, 389-397, 1983.
doi:10.1109/TAES.1983.309319 Google Scholar

19. Mcleod, I. H. and ENVISAT, "ENVISAT ASAR data reduction: Impact on SAR interferometry," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 36, 589-602, 1998.
doi:10.1109/36.662741 Google Scholar

30. Li, H., R. Wu, and P. Han, "A robust estimation method to coregistration error for InSAR interferomrtric phase," Proceedings of IEEE Radar Conference, 283-286, 2010. Google Scholar

31. Zhang, Y., D. Liang, and Z. Dong, "Analysis of time and frequency synchronization errors in spaceborne parasitic InSAR system," Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience Remote Sensing Symposium, 3047-3050, 2006. Google Scholar

32. Weib, M., "Synchronisation of bistatic radar systems," Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1750-1753, 2004. Google Scholar

33. Lee, J. S., K. W. Hoppel, and S. A. Mango, "Intensity and phase statistics of multilook polarimetric and interferometric SAR imagery," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 32, 1017-1028, 1994.
doi:10.1109/36.312890 Google Scholar

34. Hillman, A., P. Rolland, M. Chabot, R. Periard, P. Ledantec, and N. Martens, "and N. Martens," Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience Remote Sensing Symposium, 3480-3483, 2011. Google Scholar

Mr. Qilei Zhang

Dr. Wenge Chang