Vol. 145
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2014-03-12
Space-Borne Multibeam Array Pattern Synthesis for Increasing Capacity
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 145, 141-151, 2014
Abstract
The traditional pattern synthesis method of space-borne array is to achieve a ``iso-flux'' beam coverage via approximating a desired pattern; however, the synthesized pattern may not optimize the whole satellite communication (SatCom) system performance. This paper analyzes the interference in multibeam SatCom system using CDMA, and establishes the relation model between user capacity and multibeam pattern. Additionally, a novel particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on simulated annealing (SA) pattern synthesis method is proposed, which chooses user capacity as synthesis objective function. The numerical analysis, which is performed for a hexagonal array with 19 stacked patch elements, confirms that user capacity is at least doubled with the ``max-gain-flux'' beam coverage implemented by our method, compared to the ``iso-flux'' coverage when communication outage probability is 10%.
Citation
Haiwei Song, Guang Liang, Wenbin Gong, and Jinpei Yu, "Space-Borne Multibeam Array Pattern Synthesis for Increasing Capacity," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 145, 141-151, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIER14010604
References

1. Rohwer, A. B., D. H. Desrosiers, W. Bach, et al. "Iridium main mission antennas: A phased array success story and mission update," IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology, 504-511, 2010.

2. Croq, F., E. Vourch, M. Reynaud, et al. "The Globalstar 2 antenna sub-system," 3rd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 598-602, 2009.

3. Johnson, J. M. and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Genetic algorithm optimization and its application to antenna design," Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Vol. 1, 326-329, 1994.

4. Liang, G., W. Gong, H. Liu, and J. Yu, "Development of 61-channel digital beam-forming (DBF) transmitter array for mobile satellite communication," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 97, 175-195, 2009.

5. Liang, G., W. Gong, H. Liu, and J. Yu, "A semi-physical simulation system for DBF transmitter array on LEO satellite," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 97, 197-215, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09081904

6. Recioui, A., "Sidelobe level reduction in linear array pattern synthesis using particle swarm optimization," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Vol. 153, No. 2, 497-512, 2012.
doi:10.1007/s10957-011-9953-9

7. Li, , X. and M. Yin, "Hybrid differential evolution with artificial bee colony and its application for design of a reconfigurable antenna array with discrete phase shifters," IET Microwaves Antennas & Progagation, Vol. 6, No. 14, 497-512, 2012.

8. Wang, F., V. Balakrishnan, P. Y. Zhou, et al. "Optimal array pattern synthesis using semidefinite programming," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 51, No. 5, 1172-1183, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2003.810308

9. Fuchs, B., A. Skrivervik, and J. R. Mosig, "Shaped beam synthesis of arrays via sequential convex optimizations," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, 1049-1052, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2013.2280043

10. Gilhousen, K. S., I. M. Jacobs, et al. "Increased capacity using CDMA for mobile satellite communication," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 8, No. 4, 503-514, 1990.
doi:10.1109/49.54449

11. Fu, H., G. Bi, and K. Arichandran, "Capacity comparison of CDMA and FDMA/TDMA for a LEO satellite system," IEEE International Conference on Communication, 1069-1073, 1999.

12. Fu, H., G. Bi, and K. Arichandran, "Performance of multibeam CDMA-based LEO satellite systems with imperfect power control," International Journal of Satellite Communications, Vol. 16, No. 3, 155-167, 1998.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1247(199805/06)16:3<155::AID-SAT602>3.0.CO;2-H

13. Song, H., G. Liang, W. Gong, et al. "Performance analysis of a seven-beam CDMA-based LEO satellite system," IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 174-175, 2012.

14. Microwave Vision Group Antenna Measurement and Radome Test System, MVG-EBOOK, 2013.

15. Monk, A. M. and L. B. Milstein, "Open-loop power control error in a land mobile satellite system," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 13, No. 2, 205-212, 1995.
doi:10.1109/49.345864

16. Clerc, M. and J. Kennedy, "The particle swarm --- Explosion, stability, and convergence in a multidimensional complex space," IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 6, No. 1, 58-73, 2002.
doi:10.1109/4235.985692

17. Cardone, G., G. Cincotti, and M. Pappalardo, "Design of wide-band arrays for low side-lobe level beam patterns by simulated annealing," IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control,, Vol. 49, No. 8, 1050-1059, 2002.
doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2002.1026017

18. Lutz, E., D. Cygan, M. Dippold, et al. "The land mobile satellite communication channel --- Recording, statistics, and channel model," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 40, No. 2, 375-386, 1991.
doi:10.1109/25.289418

19. Liang, G., B. Jia, W. Gong, et al. "Design of phased array antenna on satellite with iso-flux beam coverage," Chinese Journal of Radio Science, Vol. 25, No. 2, 248-252, 2010.

20. Jin, J., H. Wang, M. Liu, et al. "Genetic algorithms based isoflux multi-beams optimization for non-GEO satellites ," Proceedings of The International Conference Information Computing and Automation, Vol. 1, No. 3, 1274-1277, 2008.
doi:10.1142/9789812799524_0323