Vol. 180
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 182 [2025] PIER 181 [2024] PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2024-12-19
Large Dynamic Range Slope-Assisted BOTDA Based on Unbalanced Frequency-Shifted Double Sidebands Detection
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 180, 127-137, 2024
Abstract
To increase the detection dynamic range of slope-assisted Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (SA-BOTDA) system, we propose a configuration using unbalanced frequency-shifted stokes and anti-stokes sidebands as continuous probe light simultaneously to expand the region of effective stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) spectrum existed in frequency domain. The proposed scheme fully utilizes unbalanced double sidebands' gain, loss and corresponding phase spectra, constructing linear regions by specific data processing methods and has pump power-independence characteristic. Besides, scheme of dual-frequency agile change is employed to broaden the linear region at the cost of detection speed. The dynamic detection range of the proposed system can be increased to over 180 MHz, with a spatial resolution of 3.5 m and 500 MHz sampling rate for vibration detection.
Citation
Zijian Xiong, Shengnan Wu, and Sailing He, "Large Dynamic Range Slope-Assisted BOTDA Based on Unbalanced Frequency-Shifted Double Sidebands Detection," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 180, 127-137, 2024.
doi:10.2528/PIER24120503
References

1. Ai, Yulu, Zhen Wang, Yue Liu, Yuanyuan Zheng, Jiaqi Wu, Junyi Zou, Songlin Zhang, Peining Chen, and Huisheng Peng, "Robust fiber strain sensor by designing coaxial coiling structure with mutual inductance effect," Advanced Fiber Materials, Vol. 6, No. 5, 1629-1639, 2024.

2. Tao, Jin, Weitao Zhao, Xinran Zhou, Jiwei Zhang, Yufan Zhang, Minghui Fan, Mengjie Wu, Luyun Liu, Zijie Zhou, Hong Zhu, and Jiaqing Xiong, "Robust all-fabric e-skin with high-temperature and corrosion tolerance for self-powered tactile sensing," Nano Energy, Vol. 128, 109930, 2024.

3. Zhang, Shuo, Zijian Xiong, Boyuan Ji, Nan Li, Zhangwei Yu, Shengnan Wu, and Sailing He, "Water pipeline leakage detection based on coherent φ-OTDR and deep learning technology," Applied Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 9, 3814, 2024.

4. Wu, Xun, Shengnan Wu, Xiaolu Chen, Huaguan Lin, Erik Forsberg, and Sailing He, "An ultra-compact and reproducible fiber tip michelson interferometer for high-temperature sensing," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 172, 89-99, 2021.

5. He, Zuyuan and Qingwen Liu, "Optical fiber distributed acoustic sensors: A review," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 39, No. 12, 3671-3686, 2021.

6. Lu, Ping, Nageswara Lalam, Mudabbir Badar, Bo Liu, Benjamin T. Chorpening, Michael P. Buric, and Paul R. Ohodnicki, "Distributed optical fiber sensing: Review and perspective," Applied Physics Reviews, Vol. 6, No. 4, 041302, 2019.

7. Sinha, Sumeet K., Jiahui Yang, Yaobin Yang, Asha Nigh, and Kenichi Soga, "Thermal response test of geothermal boreholes using distributed fiber optic sensing," Geo-Congress 2024, 493-503, 2024.

8. Dvoynikov, M. V. and P. A. Kutuzov, "Analysis of efficiency of communication channels for monitoring and operational control of oil and gas wells drilling process," International Journal of Engineering, Transactions A: Basics, Vol. 38, No. 1, 120-131, 2025.

9. Ghazali, Muhammad Farid, Hisham Mohamad, Muhammad Yusoff Mohd Nasir, Alarifi Hamzh, Muhammad Aizzuddin Abdullah, Nor Faiqa Abd Aziz, Phromphat Thansirichaisree, and Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan, "State-of-The-Art application and challenges of optical fibre distributed acoustic sensing in civil engineering," Optical Fiber Technology, Vol. 87, 103911, 2024.

10. Xu, Lang, Zhiping Wen, Huaizhi Su, Simonetta Cola, Nicola Fabbian, Yanming Feng, and Shanshan Yang, "An innovative method integrating two deep learning networks and hyperparameter optimization for identifying fiber optic temperature measurements in earth-rock dams," Advances in Engineering Software, Vol. 199, 103802, 2025.

11. Zhai, Qiushi, Allen Husker, Zhongwen Zhan, Ettore Biondi, Jiuxun Yin, Francesco Civilini, and Luis Costa, "Assessing the feasibility of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for moonquake detection," Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 635, 118695, 2024.

12. Zheng, Zheyuan, Hao Feng, Zhou Sha, and Zhoumo Zeng, "A hand-crafted φ-OTDR event recognition method based on space-temporal graph and morphological object detection," Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol. 183, 108513, 2024.

13. Chaube, Prabodh, Bruce G. Colpitts, Deepak Jagannathan, and Anthony W. Brown, "Distributed fiber-optic sensor for dynamic strain measurement," IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 8, No. 7, 1067-1072, 2008.

14. He, Huan, Zhiyong Zhao, Songnian Fu, Deming Liu, and Ming Tang, "High spatial resolution fast Brillouin optical time-domain analysis enabled by frequency-agility digital optical frequency comb," Optics Letters, Vol. 47, No. 14, 3403-3406, 2022.

15. Voskoboinik, Asher, Alan E. Willner, and Moshe Tur, "Extending the dynamic range of sweep-free Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 33, No. 14, 2978-2985, 2015.

16. Zhou, Dengwang, Yongkang Dong, Benzhang Wang, Chao Pang, Dexin Ba, Hongying Zhang, Zhiwei Lu, Hui Li, and Xiaoyi Bao, "Single-shot BOTDA based on an optical chirp chain probe wave for distributed ultrafast measurement," Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 7, No. 1, 32, 2018.

17. Wang, Benzhang, Baohua Fan, Dengwang Zhou, Chao Pang, Yue Li, Dexin Ba, and Yongkang Dong, "High-performance optical chirp chain BOTDA by using a pattern recognition algorithm and the differential pulse-width pair technique," Photonics Research, Vol. 7, No. 6, 652-658, 2019.

18. Wang, Yuan, Liang Chen, and Xiaoyi Bao, "Single-shot chirped pulse BOTDA for static and dynamic strain sensing," Optics Letters, Vol. 46, No. 22, 5774-5777, 2021.

19. Ba, Dexin, Benzhang Wang, Dengwang Zhou, Mingjing Yin, Yongkang Dong, Hui Li, Zhiwei Lu, and Zhigang Fan, "Distributed measurement of dynamic strain based on multi-slope assisted fast BOTDA," Optics Express, Vol. 24, No. 9, 9781-9793, 2016.

20. Urricelqui, Javier, Ander Zornoza, Mikel Sagues, and Alayn Loayssa, "Dynamic BOTDA measurements using Brillouin phase-shift," OFS2012 22nd International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 8421, 402-405, 2012.

21. Motil, Avi, Orr Danon, Yair Peled, and Moshe Tur, "Pump-power-independent double slope-assisted distributed and fast Brillouin fiber-optic sensor," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 26, No. 8, 797-800, Apr. 2014.

22. Mariñelarena, Jon, Javier Urricelqui, and Alayn Loayssa, "Enhancement of the dynamic range in slope-assisted coherent Brillouin optical time-domain analysis sensors," IEEE Photonics Journal, Vol. 9, No. 3, 1-10, 2017.

23. Hoshino, Kazuki, Daiki Saito, Yuma Endo, Takahiro Hasegawa, and Yosuke Tanaka, "Brillouin gain spectrum manipulation using multifrequency pump and probe for slope-assisted BOTDA with wider dynamic range," Applied Physics Express, Vol. 15, No. 2, 022009, 2022.

24. Yang, Guangyao, Xinyu Fan, Bin Wang, and Zuyuan He, "Enhancing strain dynamic range of slope-assisted BOTDA by manipulating Brillouin gain spectrum shape," Optics Express, Vol. 26, No. 25, 32599-32607, 2018.

25. Yang, Guangyao, Xinyu Fan, and Zuyuan He, "Strain dynamic range enlargement of slope-assisted BOTDA by using Brillouin phase-gain ratio," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 35, No. 20, 4451-4458, Oct. 2017.

26. Zhou, Dengwang, Yongkang Dong, Benzhang Wang, Taofei Jiang, Dexin Ba, Pengbai Xu, Hongying Zhang, Zhiwei Lu, and Hui Li, "Slope-assisted BOTDA based on vector SBS and frequency-agile technique for wide-strain-range dynamic measurements," Optics Express, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1889-1902, 2017.

27. Zheng, Hua, Danqi Feng, Jingdong Zhang, Tao Zhu, Yongzhong Bai, Dingrong Qu, Xianbin Huang, and Feng Qiu, "Distributed vibration measurement based on a coherent multi-slope-assisted BOTDA with a large dynamic range," Optics Letters, Vol. 44, No. 5, 1245-1248, 2019.

28. Urricelqui, Javier, Felipe López-Fernandino, Mikel Sagues, and Alayn Loayssa, "Polarization diversity scheme for BOTDA sensors based on a double orthogonal pump interaction," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 33, No. 12, 2633-2638, Jun. 2015.

29. Bernini, Romeo, Aldo Minardo, and Luigi Zeni, "Dynamic strain measurement in optical fibers by stimulated Brillouin scattering," Optics Letters, Vol. 34, No. 17, 2613-2615, 2009.

30. Peled, Yair, Avi Motil, Lior Yaron, and Moshe Tur, "Slope-assisted fast distributed sensing in optical fibers with arbitrary Brillouin profile," Optics Express, Vol. 19, No. 21, 19845-19854, Oct. 2011.