1. Dang, Shuping, Osama Amin, Basem Shihada, and Mohamed-Slim Alouini, "What should 6G be?," Nature Electronics, Vol. 3, No. 1, 20-29, 2020.
doi:10.1038/s41928-019-0355-6 Google Scholar
2. Nagatsuma, Tadao, Guillaume Ducournau, and Cyril C. Renaud, "Advances in terahertz communications accelerated by photonics," Nature Photonics, Vol. 10, No. 6, 371-379, 2016.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2016.65 Google Scholar
3. Koenig, S., D. Lopez-Diaz, J. Antes, F. Boes, R. Henneberger, A. Leuther, A. Tessmann, R. Schmogrow, D. Hillerkuss, R. Palmer, et al. "Wireless sub-THz communication system with high data rate," Nature Photonics, Vol. 7, No. 12, 977-981, 2013.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.275 Google Scholar
4. Withayachumnankul, Withawat, Masayuki Fujita, and Tadao Nagatsuma, "Integrated silicon photonic crystals toward terahertz communications," Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 6, No. 16, 1800401, 2018.
doi:10.1002/adom.201800401 Google Scholar
5. Headland, Daniel, Andreas Kurt Klein, Masayuki Fujita, and Tadao Nagatsuma, "Dielectric slot-coupled half-Maxwell fisheye lens as octave-bandwidth beam expander for terahertz-range applications," APL Photonics, Vol. 6, No. 9, 096104, 2021.
doi:10.1063/5.0054251 Google Scholar
6. Gupta, Manoj, Nikhil Navaratna, Pascal Szriftgiser, Guillaume Ducournau, and Ranjan Singh, "327 Gbps THz silicon photonic interconnect with sub-λ bends," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 123, No. 17, 171102, 2023.
doi:10.1063/5.0168016 Google Scholar
7. Headland, Daniel, Withawat Withayachumnankul, Masayuki Fujita, and Tadao Nagatsuma, "Gratingless integrated tunneling multiplexer for terahertz waves," Optica, Vol. 8, No. 5, 621-629, 2021.
doi:10.1364/optica.420715 Google Scholar
8. Gupta, Manoj, Abhishek Kumar, Prakash Pitchappa, Yi Ji Tan, Pascal Szriftgiser, Guillaume Ducournau, and Ranjan Singh, "150 Gbps THz chipscale topological photonic diplexer," Advanced Materials, Vol. 36, No. 19, 2309497, 2024.
doi:10.1002/adma.202309497 Google Scholar
9. Wang, Wenhao, Yi Ji Tan, Thomas CaiWei Tan, Abhishek Kumar, Prakash Pitchappa, Pascal Szriftgiser, Guillaume Ducournau, and Ranjan Singh, "On-chip topological beamformer for multi-link terahertz 6G to XG wireless," Nature, Vol. 632, No. 8025, 522-527, 2024.
doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07759-5 Google Scholar
10. Wang, Wenhao, Yi Ji Tan, Pascal Szriftgiser, Guillaume Ducournau, and Ranjan Singh, "On-chip topological leaky-wave antenna for full-space terahertz wireless connectivity," Nature Photonics, Vol. 20, 317-323, 2026.
doi:10.1038/s41566-025-01825-8 Google Scholar
11. Jia, Ridong, Sonu Kumar, Thomas Caiwei Tan, Abhishek Kumar, Yi Ji Tan, Manoj Gupta, Pascal Szriftgiser, Arokiaswami Alphones, Guillaume Ducournau, and Ranjan Singh, "Valley-conserved topological integrated antenna for 100-Gbps THz 6G wireless," Science Advances, Vol. 9, No. 44, eadi8500, 2023.
doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi8500 Google Scholar
12. Xu, Zhao-Hua, Jiajun He, Xiaoyuan Hao, Ya-Qi Song, Hang Ren, Quan Xu, Jiaguang Han, and Su Xu, "Quantitative terahertz communication evaluation of compact valley topological photonic crystal waveguides," ACS Photonics, Vol. 12, No. 4, 1822-1828, 2025.
doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02163 Google Scholar
13. Wang, Wen-Ya, Hang Ren, Zhao-Hua Xu, Hong Chen, Yuanzhen Li, and Su Xu, "Integrated terahertz topological valley-locked power divider with arbitrary power ratios," Optics Letters, Vol. 49, No. 19, 5579-5582, 2024.
doi:10.1364/ol.535079 Google Scholar
14. Ren, Hang, Su Xu, Zhidong Lyu, Yuanzhen Li, Zuomin Yang, Quan Xu, Yong-Sen Yu, Yanfeng Li, Fei Gao, Xianbin Yu, Jiaguang Han, Qi-Dai Chen, and Hong-Bo Sun, "Terahertz flexible multiplexing chip enabled by synthetic topological phase transitions," National Science Review, Vol. 11, No. 8, nwae116, 2024.
doi:10.1093/nsr/nwae116 Google Scholar
15. Yang, Yihao, Yuichiro Yamagami, Xiongbin Yu, Prakash Pitchappa, Julian Webber, Baile Zhang, Masayuki Fujita, Tadao Nagatsuma, and Ranjan Singh, "Terahertz topological photonics for on-chip communication," Nature Photonics, Vol. 14, No. 7, 446-451, 2020.
doi:10.1038/s41566-020-0618-9 Google Scholar
16. Digiorgio, Valerio, Urban Senica, Paolo Micheletti, Mattias Beck, Jérôme Faist, and Giacomo Scalari, "On-chip, inverse-designed active wavelength division multiplexer at THz frequencies," Nature Communications, Vol. 16, No. 1, 7711, 2025.
doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62557-5 Google Scholar
17. Chong, Faqian, Yulun Wu, Bingtao Gao, Shilong Li, Hongsheng Chen, and Song Han, "Inverse-designed on-chip terahertz three-channel mode and wavelength division demultiplexer," Advanced Photonics Research, Vol. 7, No. 2, e202500250, 2026.
doi:10.1002/adpr.202500250 Google Scholar
18. Herter, Alexa, Amirhassan Shams-Ansari, Marko Lončar, and Jérôme Faist, "Thin-film lithium niobate terahertz differential field detectors with a bandwidth reaching 3 Terahertz," Nature Communications, Vol. 16, No. 1, 8864, 2025.
doi:10.1038/s41467-025-63920-2 Google Scholar
19. Blatter, Tobias, Stefan M. Koepfli, Amane Zuerrer, Samuel Hess, Yannik Horst, Marcel Destraz, Daniel Rieben, Michael Baumann, Laurenz Kulmer, Jasmin Smajic, Yuriy Fedoryshyn, and Juerg Leuthold, "All-plasmonic sub-terahertz wireless communication link," Nature Communications, Vol. 16, No. 1, 9988, 2025.
doi:10.1038/s41467-025-64926-6 Google Scholar
20. Zhang, Yiwen, Jingwei Yang, Yuansong Zeng, Zhaoxi Chen, Hanke Feng, Sha Zhu, Kam-Man Shum, Chi Hou Chan, and Cheng Wang, "Monolithic lithium niobate photonic chip for efficient terahertz-optic modulation and terahertz generation," Nature Communications, Vol. 16, No. 1, 10330, 2025.
doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65293-y Google Scholar
21. Cameron, Trevor R. and George V. Eleftheriades, "Experimental validation of a wideband metasurface for wide-angle scanning leaky-wave antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 10, 5245-5256, 2017.
doi:10.1109/tap.2017.2735454 Google Scholar
22. Li, Weihan, Jia Chen, Shizhao Gao, Lingyun Niu, Jiaxuan Wei, Ruosong Sun, Yaqi Wei, Wenxuan Tang, and Tie Jun Cui, "An externally perceivable smart leaky-wave antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons," Opto-Electronic Advances, Vol. 7, No. 9, 240040, 2024.
doi:10.29026/oea.2024.240040 Google Scholar
23. Yao, Dayue, Pei Hang He, Hao Chi Zhang, Jiawen Zhu, Ming Hu, and Tie-Jun Cui, "Miniaturized photonic and microwave integrated circuits based on surface plasmon polaritons," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 175, 105-125, 2022.
doi:10.2528/pier22060501 Google Scholar
24. Liu, Chunyu, Yanfeng Li, Fan Huang, Guanghong Xu, Quan Li, Shuang Wang, Quan Xu, Jianqiang Gu, and Jiaguang Han, "Dual non-diffractive beam generation via spin-and-frequency multiplexed all-dielectric metasurfaces," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 181, 21-33, 2024.
doi:10.2528/pier24111901 Google Scholar
25. Hao, Honggang, Xuehong Ran, Yihao Tang, Sen Zheng, and Wei Ruan, "A single-layer focusing metasurface based on induced magnetism," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 172, 77-88, 2021.
doi:10.2528/pier21111601 Google Scholar
26. Zhang, Xueqian, Quan Xu, Lingbo Xia, Yanfeng Li, Jianqiang Gu, Zhen Tian, Chunmei Ouyang, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "Terahertz surface plasmonic waves: A review," Advanced Photonics, Vol. 2, No. 1, 014001, 2020.
doi:10.1117/1.ap.2.1.014001 Google Scholar
27. Xu, Quan, Yuanhao Lang, Xiaohan Jiang, Xinyao Yuan, Yuehong Xu, Jianqiang Gu, Zhen Tian, Chunmei Ouyang, Xueqian Zhang, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "Meta-optics inspired surface plasmon devices," Photonics Insights, Vol. 2, No. 1, R02, 2023.
doi:10.3788/pi.2023.r02 Google Scholar
28. Wang, Zhuo, Shiqing Li, Xueqian Zhang, Xi Feng, Qingwei Wang, Jiaguang Han, Qiong He, Weili Zhang, Shulin Sun, and Lei Zhou, "Excite spoof surface plasmons with tailored wavefronts using high-efficiency terahertz metasurfaces," Advanced Science, Vol. 7, No. 19, 2000982, 2020.
doi:10.1002/advs.202000982 Google Scholar
29. Huang, Lingling, Xianzhong Chen, Benfeng Bai, Qiaofeng Tan, Guofan Jin, Thomas Zentgraf, and Shuang Zhang, "Helicity dependent directional surface plasmon polariton excitation using a metasurface with interfacial phase discontinuity," Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 2, No. 3, e70, 2013.
doi:10.1038/lsa.2013.26 Google Scholar
30. Pors, Anders, Michael G. Nielsen, Thomas Bernardin, Jean-Claude Weeber, and Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi, "Efficient unidirectional polarization-controlled excitation of surface plasmon polaritons," Light: Science & Applications, Vol. 3, No. 8, e197, 2014.
doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.78 Google Scholar
31. Duan, Jingwen, Huijie Guo, Shaohua Dong, Tong Cai, Weijie Luo, Zhongzhu Liang, Qiong He, Lei Zhou, and Shulin Sun, "High-efficiency chirality-modulated spoof surface plasmon meta-coupler," Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1354, 2017.
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01664-w Google Scholar
32. Lang, Yuanhao, Quan Xu, Guanghong Xu, Xueqian Zhang, Quan Li, and Jiaguang Han, "Topological metasurface for spin-decoupled wavefront manipulation of terahertz surface plasmons," Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 19, No. 4, 2401281, 2025.
doi:10.1002/lpor.202401281 Google Scholar
33. Yuan, Xinyao, Quan Xu, Yuanhao Lang, Zhibo Yao, Xiaohan Jiang, Yanfeng Li, Xueqian Zhang, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "Temporally deuterogenic plasmonic vortices," Nanophotonics, Vol. 13, No. 6, 955-963, 2024.
doi:10.1515/nanoph-2023-0931 Google Scholar
34. Yuan, Xinyao, Quan Xu, Yuanhao Lang, Xiaohan Jiang, Yuehong Xu, Xieyu Chen, Jie Han, Xueqian Zhang, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "Tailoring spatiotemporal dynamics of plasmonic vortices," Opto-Electronic Advances, Vol. 6, No. 4, 220133, 2022.
doi:10.29026/oea.2023.220133 Google Scholar
35. Lang, Yuanhao, Quan Xu, Xieyu Chen, Jie Han, Xiaohan Jiang, Yuehong Xu, Ming Kang, Xueqian Zhang, Andrea Alù, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "On-chip plasmonic vortex interferometers," Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 10, 2200242, 2022.
doi:10.1002/lpor.202200242 Google Scholar
36. Jiang, Xiaohan, Wanying Liu, Quan Xu, Yuanhao Lang, Yikai Fu, Fan Huang, Haitao Dai, Yanfeng Li, Xueqian Zhang, Jianqiang Gu, Jiaguang Han, and Weili Zhang, "On-chip terahertz orbital angular momentum demultiplexer," Photonics Research, Vol. 12, No. 5, 1044-1054, 2024.
doi:10.1364/PRJ.519701 Google Scholar
37. Jiang, Xiaohan, Quan Xu, Yuanhao Lang, Wanying Liu, Xieyu Chen, Yuehong Xu, Hang Ren, Xibin Wang, Su Xu, Xueqian Zhang, et al. "Geometric phase control of surface plasmons by dipole sources," Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 17, No. 6, 2200948, 2023.
doi:10.1002/lpor.202200948 Google Scholar
38. Liu, Feifei, Dongyi Wang, Han Zhu, Xiyue Zhang, Tong Liu, Shulin Sun, Xinping Zhang, Qiong He, and Lei Zhou, "High-efficiency metasurface-based surface-plasmon lenses," Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 17, No. 7, 2201001, 2023.
doi:10.1002/lpor.202201001 Google Scholar
39. Bliokh, K. Y., F. J. Rodríguez-Fortuño, F. Nori, and A. V. Zayats, "Spin-orbit interactions of light," Nature Photonics, Vol. 9, No. 12, 796-808, 2015.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2015.201 Google Scholar
40. Bliokh, Konstantin Y., Yuri Gorodetski, Vladimir Kleiner, and Erez Hasman, "Coriolis effect in optics: Unified geometric phase and spin-Hall effect," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, No. 3, 030404, 2008.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.030404 Google Scholar
41. Bliokh, Konstantin Yu., "Geometrical optics of beams with vortices: Berry phase and orbital angular momentum Hall effect," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, No. 4, 043901, 2006.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.043901 Google Scholar
42. Fu, Yunfei, Tong Ye, Weijie Tang, and Tao Chu, "Efficient adiabatic silicon-on-insulator waveguide taper," Photonics Research, Vol. 2, No. 3, A41-A44, 2014.
doi:10.1364/PRJ.2.000A41 Google Scholar
43. Shafik, Rishad Ahmed, Md. Shahriar Rahman, and A. R. Islam, "On the extended relationships among EVM, BER and SNR as performance metrics," 2006 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 408-411, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2006.
doi:10.1109/ICECE.2006.355657