volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This paper presents a semi-physical simulation system for 61-channel DBF array transmitter antenna on LEO satellite. It consists of a hardware platform for digital beamfoming network (BFN) and a software simulation system for DBF array. The background and wideband input interface are described, and the signal process of digital beamforming network is discussed in detail. General DFT filter bank, distributed arithmetic (DA) algorithm and Hartley image rejection structure are adopted to design the digital BFN, which make the calculation of BFN reduced by 98.41% and get the multiplier consumption decreased to 7.11%, compared with conventional algorithms. A novel digital BFN hardware platform with distributed structure is designed, which can complete the high speed array signal processing with maximum throughput of 32.025 Gbps. Ultimately, the measurements of semi-physical simulation system show good agreement with the ideal simulation result. The derivation of radiation pattern from energy distribution of earth's surface demonstrates that the DBF array has good performance on beam coverage with equal flux density and satisfies the application in mobile satellite communication.

1. Roy, S. D. and S. Kundu, "Performance analysis of cellular CDMA in presence of beam forming and soft soft hand off," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 88, 73-89, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08102203 Google Scholar

2. Chiba, I., R. Miura, and T. Tanaka, "Digital beam forming (DBF) antenna system for mobile communications," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 12, No. 9, 31-41, 1997.
doi:10.1109/62.618017 Google Scholar

3. Athanasopoulos, N. C. and N. K. Uzunoglu, "Development of a 10 GHz phased array cylindrical antenna system incorporating IF phase processing," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 59, 17-38, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER05102403 Google Scholar

4. Kuwahara, Y., H. Kakinuma, and S. Ogawa, "Development and evaluation test of DBF equipment for transmitting," IEEE AP-S1999, Florida, USA, 1999. Google Scholar

5. Dreher, A., N. Niklasch, and F. Klefenz, "Antenna and receiver system with digital beam forming for satellite navigation and communications," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, No. 7, 1815-1821, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2003.814309 Google Scholar

6. Rappaport, T. S., Wireless Communications Principles and Practice, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2004.

7. Lu, Z.-Y., "Design method of the ring-focus antenna with a variable focal distance for forming an elliptic beam ," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 4, 73-80, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERL08051401 Google Scholar

8. Reyna, A. and M. A. Panduro, "Optimation of a scannable pattern for uniform planar antenna arrays to minimize the side lobe level," Journal of Electomagnetic Waves and Application, Vol. 22, No. 16, 2241-2250, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308787522564 Google Scholar

9. Rostami, A. and A. Yazdanpanah-Goharrizi, "Hybridization of neural networks and genetic algorithms for identification of complex Bragg gratings," Journal of Electomagnetic Waves and Application, Vol. 22, No. 5-6, 643-664, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308784159598 Google Scholar

10. Curtis, D. D. and R. W. Capt, "32-Channel X-Band digital beamforming plug-and-play receive array," IEEE Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology, Boston, USA, 2003. Google Scholar

11. Xu, Z., H. Li, Q.-Z. Liu, and J.-Y. Li, "Pattern synthesis of conformal antenna array by the hybrid genetic algorithm," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 79, 75-90, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER07091901 Google Scholar

12. Mahanti, G. K. and A. Chakrabarty, "Phase-only and amplitude-phase only synthesis of dual-beam pattern linear antenna arrays using floating-point genetic algorithms," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 68, 247-259, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER06072301 Google Scholar

13. Zhou, S. G., B. H. Sun, J. L. Guo, Q. Z. Liu, and Y. Hua, "A new fitness function for optimizing the matching network of broadband antennas by genetic algorithm," Journal of Electomagnetic Waves and Application, Vol. 22, No. 5-6, 759-765, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308784159453 Google Scholar

14. Kouveliotis, N. K., S. C. Panagiotou, P. K. Varlamos, T. D. Dimousios, and C. N. Capsalis, "Optimizing a PIFA using a genetic algorithms approach," Journal of Electomagnetic Waves and Application, Vol. 22, No. 2-3, 453-461, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308784160613 Google Scholar

15. Crochiere, R. E. and L. R. Rabiner, Mutirate Digital Signal Processing, Prentice-Hall Press, 2001.

16. Nalbalwar, S., S. D. Joshi, and R. K. Patney, "A novel approach to design of signal matched QMF and DFT filter bank," IEEE 15th International Conference on Software Telecommunications and Computer, , Darmstadt, Germany, 2007. Google Scholar

17. Karp, T., M. Kieffer, and P. Duhame, "Parity-check matrix calculation for paraunitary oversampled DFT filter banks," IEEE Transaction on Signal Processing, Vol. 56, No. 10, 5277-5283, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2008.928934 Google Scholar

18. Basese, U. M., Digital Signal Processing with Field Programmable Gate Array, Qinghua Press, 2006.

19. Meng, C. C. and T. H. Wu, "2.4/5.7 GHz CMOS dual-band low-IF architecture using weaver-hartley image-rejection techniques," IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 57, No. 3, 552-556, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2008.2012300 Google Scholar

20. Zhang, X., Z. Wang, and D. Xu, "Wavelet packet transform-based least mean square beamformer with low complexity," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 86, 291-304, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08100104 Google Scholar

21. Lyons, R. G., Understanding Digital Signal Processing, Machine Press, 2006.

22. Lim, Y. C. and Y. J. Yu, "Optimum masking levels and coefficient sparseness for Hilbert transformers and half-band filters designed using the frequency-response masking technique ," IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems, Vol. 52, No. 11, 2444-2453, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TCSI.2005.853518 Google Scholar

23. Panduro, M. A. and C. Bocio, "Design of beam-forming networks for scannable multi-beam antenna arrays using corps," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 84, 173-188, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08070403 Google Scholar

24. Qu, Y., G. Liao, and S. Q. Zhu, "Pattern synthesis of planar antenna array via convex optimization for airborne forward looking radar," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 84, 1-10, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08060301 Google Scholar

25. Svezhentsev, A. Y., "Some far field features of cylindrical microstrip antenna on an electrically small cylinder," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 7, 223-244, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08032201 Google Scholar

26. Sukharevsky, O. I. and A. Y. Shramkov, "High-frequency method of antenna directional pattern calculation," Journal of Electomagnetic Waves and Application, Vol. 21, No. 14, 2009-2023, 2007.
doi:10.1163/156939307783152858 Google Scholar

Professor Guang Liang

Dr. Wenbin Gong

Dr. Huijie Liu

Dr. Jinpei Yu