Vol. 112
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 185 [2026] PIER 184 [2025] PIER 183 [2025] PIER 182 [2025] PIER 181 [2024] PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2011-01-06
Retrieval Approach for Determination of Forward and Backward Wave Impedances of Bianisotropic Metamaterials
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 112, 109-124, 2011
Abstract
A simple approach is proposed for retrieving the forward and backward wave impedances of lossless and lossy bianisotropic metamaterials. Compared with other methods in the literature, its main advantage is that forward and backward wave impedances can be uniquely and noniteratively extracted. It has been validated for both lossless and lossy bianisotropic metamaterials by performing a numerical analysis. The proposed approach can be applied for checking whether the metamaterial structure shows the bianisotropic property by monitoring forward and backward wave impedances, since the forward and backward wave impedances of a metamaterial structure depend on different polarizations of the incident wave.
Citation
Ugur Cem Hasar, and Joaquim Jose Barroso, "Retrieval Approach for Determination of Forward and Backward Wave Impedances of Bianisotropic Metamaterials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 112, 109-124, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER10112303
References

1. Chen, L. F., C. K. Ong, C. P. Neo, V. V. Varadan, and V. K. Varadan, Microwave Electronics: Measurement and Materials Characterization, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
doi:10.1002/0470020466

2. Nicolson, A. M. and G. Ross, "Measurement of the intrinsic properties of materials by time-domain techniques," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 19, No. 4, 377-382, 1970.
doi:10.1109/TIM.1970.4313932        Google Scholar

3. Weir, W. B., "Automatic measurement of complex dielectric constant and permeability at microwave frequencies," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 62, No. 1, 33-36, 1974.
doi:10.1109/PROC.1974.9382        Google Scholar

4. Baker-Jarvis, J., E. J. Vanzura, and W. A. Kissick, "Improved technique for determining complex permittivity with the transmission/reflection method," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 38, No. 8, 1096-1103, 1990.
doi:10.1109/22.57336        Google Scholar

5. Boughriet, A. H., C. Legrand, and A. Chapoton, "Noniterative stable transmission/reflection method for low-loss material complex permittivity determination," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 45, No. 1, 52-57, 1997.
doi:10.1109/22.552032        Google Scholar

6. Chalapat, K., K. Sarvala, J. Li, and G. S. Paraoanu, "Wideband reference-plane invariant method for measuring electromagnetic parameters of materials," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 57, No. 9, 2267, Sep. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2027160        Google Scholar

7. Zhang, H., S. Y. Tan, and H. S. Tan, "An improved method for microwave nondestructive dielectric measurement of layered media," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 10, 145-161, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08082701        Google Scholar

8. Le Floch, J. M., F. Houndonougbo, V. Madrangeas, D. Cros, M. Guilloux-Viry, and W. Peng, "Thin film materials characterization using TE modes," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 23, No. 4, 549-559, 2009.
doi:10.1163/156939309787612293        Google Scholar

9. Wu, Y. Q., Z. X. Tang, Y. H. Xu, and B. Zhang, "Measuring complex permeability of ferromagnetic thin films using microstrip transmission method," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 23, No. 10, 1303-1311, 2009.
doi:10.1163/156939309789108598        Google Scholar

10. Challa measurement with a non-standard waveguide by using TRL calibration and fractional linear data fitting, R. K., D. Kajfez, J. R. Gladden, et al. "Permittivity," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 2, 1-13, 2008.        Google Scholar

11. Wu, Y., Z. Tang, Y. Yu, and X. He, "A new method to avoid crowding phenomenon in extracting the permittivity of ferroelectric thin films," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 4, 159-166, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERL08091402        Google Scholar

12. He, X., Z. X. Tang, B. Zhang, and Y. Q.Wu, "A new deembedding method in permittivity measurement of ferroelectric thin film material," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 3, 1-8, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERL08011501        Google Scholar

13. Hasar, U. C., "Unique retrieval of complex permittivity of low-loss dielectric materials from transmission-only measurements," IEEE Geosi. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 8, No. 3, 561-563, 2011.        Google Scholar

14. Hasar, U. C., "Accurate complex permittivity inversion from measurements of a sample partially filling a waveguide aperture," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 50, No. 2, 451-457, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2038444        Google Scholar

15. Hasar, U. C., "A generalized formulation for permittivity extraction of low-to-high-loss materials from transmission measure ment," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 58, No. 2, 411-418, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2038443        Google Scholar

16. Hasar, U. C., "A new microwave method for electrical characterization of low-loss materials," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 19, No. 12, 801-803, 2009.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2009.2033512        Google Scholar

17. Hasar, U. C., "A new calibration-independent method for complex permittivity extraction of solid dielectric materials," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 18, No. 12, 788-790, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2007699        Google Scholar

18. Kharkovsky, S. N., M. F. Akay, U. C. Hasar, and C. D. Atis, "Measurement and monitoring of microwave reflection and transmission properties of cement-based specimens," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 51, No. 6, 1210-1218, 2002.
doi:10.1109/TIM.2002.808081        Google Scholar

19. Rodriguez-Vidal, M. and E. Martin, "Contribution to numerical methods for calculation of complex dielectric permittivities," Electron. Lett., Vol. 6, No. 16, 510, 1970.
doi:10.1049/el:19700354        Google Scholar

20. Ness, J., "Broad-band permittivity measurements using the semi-automatic network analyzer," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 33, No. 11, 1222-1226, 1985.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1985.1133198        Google Scholar

21. Ball, J. A. R. and B. Horsfield, "Resolving ambiguity in broadband waveguide permittivity measurements on moist materials," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 47, No. 2, 390-392, 1998.
doi:10.1109/19.744179        Google Scholar

22. Xia, S., Z. Xu, and X. Wei, "Thickness-induced resonance-based complex permittivity measurement technique for barium strontium titanate ceramics at microwave frequency," Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 80, No. 11, 114703-1-4, 2009.
doi:10.1063/1.3237244        Google Scholar

23. Hasar, U. C., "Unique permittivity determination of low-loss dielectric materials from transmission measurements at microwave frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 31-46, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10060805        Google Scholar

24. Buyukozturk, O., T.-Y. Yu, and J. A. Ortega, "A methodology for determining complex permittivity of construction materials based on transmission-only coherent, wide-bandwidth free-space measurements," Cem. Concr. Compos., Vol. 28, 349-359, 2006.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.02.004        Google Scholar

25. Varadan, V. V. and R. Ro, "Unique retrieval of complex permittivity and permeability of dispersive materials from reflection and transmitted flelds by enforcing causality," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 55, No. 10, 2224-2230, Oct. 2007.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2007.906473        Google Scholar

26. Ghodgaonkar, D. K., V. V. Varadan, and V. K. Varadan, "A freespace method for measurement of dielectric constants and loss tangents at microwave frequencies," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 38, No. 3, 783-793, Jun. 1989.
doi:10.1109/19.32194        Google Scholar

27. Hasar, U. C., "A fast and accurate amplitude-only transmission-reflection method for complex permittivity determination of lossy materials," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 56, No. 9, 2129-2135, Sep. 2008.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2008.2002229        Google Scholar

28. Hasar , U. C. and O. Simsek, "An accurate complex permittivity method for thin dielectric materials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 91, 123-138, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09011702        Google Scholar

29. Hasar, U. C. and C. R. Westgate, "A broadband and stable method for unique complex permittivity determination of low-loss materials," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 57, No. 2, 471-477, Feb. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2008.2011242        Google Scholar

30. Hasar, U. C., "A new microwave method based on transmission scattering parameter measurements for simultaneous broadband and stable permittivity and permeability determination," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 93, 161-176, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09041405        Google Scholar

31. Barroso, J. J. and A. L. de Paula, "Retrieval of permittivity and permeability of homogeneous materials from scattering parameters," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 24, No. 11--12, 1563-1574, Aug. 2010.
doi:10.1163/156939310792149759        Google Scholar

32. Hasar, U. C. and E. A. Oral, "A metric function for fast and accurate permittivity determination of low-to-high-loss materials from reflection measurements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 397-412, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10071308        Google Scholar

33. Hasar, U. C., "Procedure for accurate and stable constitutive parameters extraction of materials at microwave frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 109, 107-121, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10083006        Google Scholar

34. Hasar, U. C., "A microwave method for accurate and stable retrieval of constitutive parameters of low- and medium-loss materials," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 20, Dec. 2010.        Google Scholar

35. Hasar, U. C., "A microwave method for noniterative constitutive parameters determination of thin low-loss or lossy materials," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 57, 1595-1601, Jun. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2020779        Google Scholar

36. Hasar, U. C., C. R. Westgate, and M. Ertugrul, "Noniterative permittivity extraction of lossy liquid materials from reflection asymmetric amplitude-only microwave measurements," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 19, No. 6, 419-421, Jun. 2009.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2009.2020045        Google Scholar

37. Hasar, U. C., "Thickness-independent automated constitutive parameters extraction of thin solid and liquid materials from waveguide measurements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 92, 17-32, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09031606        Google Scholar

38. Veselago, V. G., "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ," Sov. Phys. USPEKHI,, Vol. 10, No. 4, 509-514, Jan.--eb. 1968.
doi:10.1070/PU1968v010n04ABEH003699        Google Scholar

39. Li, Z., K. Aydin, and E. Ozbay, "Determination of the effective constitutive parameters of bianisotropic metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients," Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 79-7, 2009.        Google Scholar

40. Barroso, J. J., P. J. Castro, and J. P. Leite Neto, "Experiments on wave propagation at 6.0 GHz in a left-handed waveguide," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 52, No. 10, 2175-2178, Oct. 2010.
doi:10.1002/mop.25435        Google Scholar

41. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, W. J. Stewart, and I. Youngs, "Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 76, No. 25, 4773-4776, Jun. 1996.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4773        Google Scholar

42. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Low frequency plasmons in thin-wire structures," J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, Vol. 10, No. 22, 4785-4809.
doi:10.1088/0953-8984/10/22/007        Google Scholar

43. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Hold, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 11, 2075-2084, Nov. 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798002        Google Scholar

44. Smith, D. R., S. Schultz, P. Markos, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Determination of effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 65, 195104-1-5, 2002.        Google Scholar

45. Notomi, M., "Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behavior in the vicinity of the photonic band gap," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 62, No. 16, 10696-10705, Oct. 2000.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.62.10696        Google Scholar

46. Smith, D. R., D. C. Vier, T. Koschhy, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Electromagnetic parameter retrieval from inhomogeneous metamaterials," Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 71, No. 3, 036617-1-11, 2005.        Google Scholar

47. Marques, R., F. Medina, and R. Rafii-El-Idrissi, "Role of bianisotropy in negative permeability and left-handed metamaterials," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 65, No. 14, 144440-1-6, Apr. 2002.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.65.144440        Google Scholar

48. Katsarakis, N., T. Koschny, M. Kafesaki, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Electric coupling to the magnetic resonance of split ring resonators," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 84, No. 15, 2943-2945, Apr. 2004.
doi:10.1063/1.1695439        Google Scholar

49. Markos, P. and C. M. Soukoulis, "Transmission properties and effective electromagnetic parameters of double negative metamaterials," Opt. Express, Vol. 11, No. 7, 649-661, Apr. 2003.
doi:10.1364/OE.11.000649        Google Scholar

50. Ziolkowski, R. W., "Design, fabrication, and testing of double negative metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 7, 1516-1529, Jul. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.813622        Google Scholar

51. Chen, X., T. M. Gregorczyk, B.-I. Wu, J. Pacheco, Jr., and J. A. Kong, "Robust method to retrieve the constitutive effective parameters of metamaterials," Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 70, 016608-1-7, 2004.        Google Scholar

52. Grzegorczyk, T. M., X. Chen, J. Pacheco, J. Chen, B.-I. Wu, and J. A. Kong, "Reflection coefficients and Goos-Hanchen shifts in anisotropic and bianisotropic left-handed metamaterials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 51, 83-113, 2005.
doi:10.2528/PIER04040901        Google Scholar

53. Chen, X., T. M. Grzegorczyk, and J. A. Kong, "Optimization approach to the retrieval of the constitutive parameters of a slab of general bianisotropic medium," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 60, 1-18, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER05120601        Google Scholar

54. Chen, X., B.-I. Wu, J. A. Kong, and T. M. Grzegorczyk, "Retrieval of the effective constitutive parameters of bianisotropic metamaterials," Phys. Rev. E, Vol. 71, 046610-1-9, 2005.        Google Scholar

55. Constantine, A. B., Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, John Wiley & Sons, 1989.